Psychology Final Test 16

Front 1

Joseph Wolpe's method for reducing fears by associating images of fear-evoking stimuli with deep muscle relaxation is known as:

Back 1

systematic desensitization.

Front 2

Audrey has been diagnosed as suffering from a phobic disorder. As her therapist, if you believe that the behavior is the root of the problem, you would then recommend:

Back 2

systematic desensitization training.

Front 3

Surgical lobotomies were performed in order to

Back 3

produce a calming effect with violent patients.

Front 4

The three general classes of antidepressant drugs include:

Back 4

tricyclics, MAO inhibitors, and serotonin reuptake blockers

Front 5

Current ideas on how ECT might be producing its effects include which of the following?

Back 5

*All of the above have been offered as suggestions.

Front 6

There is extensive evidence that electroconvulsive therapy (ECT):

Back 6

often alleviates the symptoms of major depression.

often alleviates the symptoms of bipolar disorder.

*both a and c.

Front 7

Systematic desensitization training has been shown to be more effective in treating ________ than ________.

Back 7

phobias; generalized anxiety disorders

Front 8

The treatment that has most contributed to a decline in the number of people hospitalized for psychological disorders and a significant reduction in the average duration of hospitalization is:

Back 8

psychoactive drug therapy

Front 9

According to psychoanalysis, ________ is an explanation to the client of the underlying meaning of their experience.

Back 9

interpretation

Front 10

The technique of letting a child watch TV only after successfully completing his or her homework is called:

Back 10

positive reinforcement

Front 11

The drug lithium is the most effective drug for controlling ________ symptoms of ________ disorder

Back 11

manic; bipolar

Front 12

In psychotherapy, a process in which a patient relates to the therapist in much the same way as to another important person in his or her life (such as a parent) is:

Back 12

transference.

Front 13

Which behavioral technique involves eliminating undesired behaviors by eliminating the reinforcers that maintain them?

Back 13

Extinction

Front 14

Rational-emotive therapy is based on the belief that psychological problems result from:

Back 14

self-defeating, irrational beliefs

Front 15

Psychoanalysis does not appear to be successful with ________ clients.

Back 15

severely disturbed

Front 16

Approaches to the treatment of psychological disorders that rely on the use of noninvasive techniques are known as ________, whereas treatments relying on physiological intervention is ________.:

Back 16

psychotherapy; biological therapy

Front 17

According to Ellis, the central factors causing our problems are:

Back 17

irrational beliefs

Front 18

________ rely heavily on knowledge of Pavlovian conditioning and operant conditioning.

Back 18

Behavior therapists

Front 19

Cognitive behavior therapy has been shown in some studies to be highly effective in the treatment of:

Back 19

moderate depression.

Front 20

Rational-emotive therapy focuses on ________, while psychoanalysis focuses on ________.

Back 20

the here and now; past conflicts

Front 21

A person has a dream in which he or she is falling. According to Freud, the perceived subject matter of a dream-in this case, falling-is its:

Back 21

manifest content.

Front 22

Jack is undergoing psychoactive drug therapy and is being given the drug called thorazine to calm and quiet him. In what category is the drug?:

Back 22

Antipsychotic.

Front 23

Ellis as well as other RET therapists would most likely choose which of the following techniques to minimize a client's self-defeating outlook?

Back 23

Confrontation and persuasion.

Role play and reflection of feelings.

Behavior modification.

*All of the above.

Front 24

Which statement about psychoactive drug use in therapy is most true?

Back 24

Drugs can both cure some psychological disorders as we as control symptoms of others.

Front 25

The fundamental assumption of psychoanalysis is that disordered behavior results from:

Back 25

unconscious conflicts and repressed urges.

Front 26

According to Freud, the primary theme in many patients' conflict(s) is(are):

Back 26

the struggle between the id's sexual and aggressive and superego's moral demands.

Front 27

The antimanic effects of lithium are believed to be achieved by:

Back 27

increasing the activity of serotonin

Front 28

Advantages to the use of a token economy do not include:

Back 28

the behavior will immediately occur at a level that will allow natural contingencies to maintain it

Front 29

Theorists have suggested that the reason why systematic desensitization training is not as effective with GAD and posttraumatic stress disorder is that:

Back 29

patients with these disorders may be more resistant to extinction of fear and anxiety than normal people.

Front 30

The therapist who behaves toward a client as though the client were the therapist's son or daughter would be demonstrating ________, according to Freud.

Back 30

countertransference

Front 31

Dale has a phobia of hospitals. Which therapy would suggest he gain exposure gradually to the hospital until the anxiety is reduced?

Back 31

systematic desensitization

Front 32

Although cognitive behavior therapy has been shown to be effective in treating depression, numerous researchers question whether these outcomes may be due to ________ effects rather then ________ effects.

Back 32

behavioral; cognitive

Front 33

Which of the following is not one of the main classes of psychoactive drugs?

Back 33

antiinflamatory

Front 34

The behavior modification technique that raises questions concerning its ethicality as well as its permanent effectiveness is:

Back 34

punishment

Front 35

A behavior therapy technique in which painful or aversive stimuli are paired with unwanted behavior or responses is:

Back 35

aversive conditioning

Front 36

Ann feels that she must always have the approval and liking of everyone she knows and works with. An RET therapist would call her belief:

Back 36

irrational.

Front 37

The conflicts between the id, ego, and superego within the unconscious generate:

Back 37

anxiety.

Front 38

Research has clearly demonstrated that in most cases, improvement rates for people undergoing psychotherapy:

Back 38

are markedly better than those for untreated individuals.

Front 39

A potentially serious side effect of antipsychotic drugs is the development of:

Back 39

tardive dyskinesia.

Front 40

At her therapist's office, Marge is told to lie down on a comfortable couch. Her therapist sits behind her line of vision and encourages her to say whatever comes to mind. She is undergoing ________ and the technique her therapist is using is ________.

Back 40

psychoanalysis; free association