Psychology Exam 2

Front 1

Brain Lesion

Back 1

Removing/damaging pieces of the brain

Front 2

Cerebral cortex

Back 2

Interconnected neural cells covering the cerebral hemispheres; the body's ultimate control and info processing center

Front 3

Glial cells

Back 3

Cells in the nervous system that support, nourish, and protect neurons

Front 4

Frontal Lobe

Back 4

Lays just behind forehead; involved in speaking and muscle movements, planning, personality, reason

Front 5

Brain stem

Back 5

Where the spinal cord swells and enters the skull; controlled survival (autonomic) functions like breathing

Front 6

Parietal lobes

Back 6

Lays at top of head and towards rear; spatial abilities

Front 7

Occipital Lobes

Back 7

Lays at back of head; receives info from visual fields

Front 8

Temporal Lobes

Back 8

Lays roughly above ears; controls hearing, speech comprehension, taste

Front 9

Thalamus

Back 9

Information relay center; every sense except smell goes through and then transfers somewhere else

Front 10

Cerebellum

Back 10

"Little brain"; attached to rear of brain stem; important for fluid accurate movement

Front 11

Limbic system

Back 11

Includes hippocampus, amygdala, and hypothalamus; controls emotions

Front 12

Hypothalamus

Back 12

Sense of reward; eating, drinking, and body temp

Front 13

Motor Cortex

Back 13

Back of the frontal lobe and is a contra lateral system; controls movement

Front 14

Sensory Cortex

Back 14

Front of parietal lobe; sense of touch processing

Front 15

Association areas

Back 15

Areas of cerebral cortex involved in higher mental functions like learning, remembering, thinking, and speaking

Front 16

Neurogenesis

Back 16

Formation of new neurons

Front 17

Corpus Callosum

Back 17

Carries messages between the brain hemispheres

Front 18

Behavior Genetics

Back 18

Study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior

Front 19

Heritability

Back 19

The proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes

Front 20

Epigenetics

Back 20

The study of influences on gene expression that occur without DNA change

Front 21

Order of Prenatal Development

Back 21

Zygote ▶️ embryo ▶️ fetus

Front 22

Teratogens

Back 22

Anything that causes harm to the fetus during prenatal development

Front 23

Habituation (in newborns)

Back 23

Decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation; shows learning

Front 24

Maturation

Back 24

Orderly sequence of biological growth

Front 25

Schema

Back 25

A concept or framework that organizes and interprets information

Front 26

Assimilation

Back 26

Interprets new experiences in terms of our existing schemas

Front 27

Accommodation

Back 27

Adapting current schemas to incorporate new information

Front 28

Sensorimotor stafe

Back 28

Birth to about 2 years; experiencing the world through senses and actions; develop object permanence and stranger anxiety

Front 29

Preoperarional stage

Back 29

About 2 years to about 6 or 7; represent things with words and pictures, use intuitive thinking instead of logical; pretend play and ego centrism

Front 30

Concrete Operational stage

Back 30

7 to 11; Thinking logically, conservation

Front 31

Formal operational stage

Back 31

12 through adulthood; abstract reasoning, potential for mature moral reasoning

Front 32

Conservation

Back 32

The principle that properties like mass, volume and number stay the same despite changes in form

Front 33

Menarche

Back 33

First menstrual period

Front 34

Transduction

Back 34

The transforming of stimulus such as sights, sounds and smells into neural impulses our brain can interpret

Front 35

Psychophysics

Back 35

The study of the relationship between the physical characteristics of stimuli and our psychological experience of them

Front 36

Absolute Threshhold

Back 36

When a stimuli is first detected

Front 37

Signal detection theory

Back 37

Theory that there is no single absolute threshhold and that detection depends on the person

Front 38

Subliminal

Back 38

Below the absolute threshhold for conscious awareness

Front 39

Priming

Back 39

The activation, often unconsciously, of certain associations

Front 40

Difference Threshhold

Back 40

Just noticeable difference between two stimuli

Front 41

Weber's Law

Back 41

The principle that in order for two stimuli to be perceived as different they must differ by a minimum of a given percentage; light 8%, weight 2%, tone 3%

Front 42

Simultanagnosia

Back 42

Failure of the gastalt (seeing things as whole)