Psychology Exam

Front 1

Psychoanalytical theory

Back 1

first theory of personality(Sigmund Freud)

Front 2

Free Association

Back 2

Patients say whatever comes to mind

Front 3

Unconscious

Back 3

Area of thought not accessible

Front 4

Id

Back 4

operated by pleasure(if it feels good do it)

Front 5

Ego

Back 5

mediates the conflict between ID and SUPEREGO

Front 6

Superego

Back 6

What we should/shouldn't do(formed through experience)

Front 7

Psychosexual Stages of Development

Back 7

Sigmund Freud

Front 8

Oral Stage

Back 8

putting things in mouth

Front 9

Anal Stage

Back 9

2 to 2 1/2 years old; sense of control

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Latency Stage

Back 10

Idea of pleasure zones go away after a while

Front 11

Genital stage

Back 11

desire for romantic relationships

Front 12

fixation

Back 12

attached to something

Front 13

Example of fixation

Back 13

Anal retentive- like having control over things

Front 14

Defense Mechanisms

Back 14

Sigmund Freud

Front 15

Regression

Back 15

Revert back to a previous stage of development
ex: college kid sucking thumb

Front 16

Repression

Back 16

purposeful forgetting of negative memory
ex: person who witnesses traumatic accident finds himself unable to remember it

Front 17

Projection

Back 17

see negative characteristics in others but not self
ex: woman who likes coworker accuses him of sexual advances

Front 18

Displacement

Back 18

when we act our impulses on something other than our actual feelings
ex: baseball player throws glove after dropping fly ball

Front 19

Neo-Freudian

Back 19

placed less emphasis on sexuality and were more optimistic on the prospects for long term personality growth

Front 20

Two Neo-Freudians

Back 20

Adler and Jung

Front 21

Adler

Back 21

We strive for superiority and we have feelings of inferiority during childhood; birth order effects personality

Front 22

Jung

Back 22

We are extroverted or introverted depending on our collective unconscious (our shared storehouse of memories that our ancestors have passed down to us)

Front 23

Projection Tests

Back 23

access unconscious processes

Front 24

Two Projection Tests

Back 24

Rorschach Tests- ink blots
Thematic Apperception Test- shows picture and people make a story about it

Front 25

Maslow

Back 25

Ultimate goal is to fulfill our potential

Front 26

Hierarchy of Needs (Maslow)

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Food and water -->  Shelter -->  Belonging-->  Self- Esteem -->  Self Actualization

Front 27

Peak Experiences

Back 27

moments of profound excitement and a sense of connection with the world

Front 28

Carl Rodgers

Back 28

believed people were good by nature

Front 29

Unconditional positive regard
(Carl Rodgers)

Back 29

accept people for who they are

Front 30

Ideal self (Carl Rodgers)

Back 30

Who you want to be

Front 31

Actual Self (Carl Rodgers)

Back 31

Who you are

Front 32

Trait perspective says personality is ______

Back 32

Genetic

Front 33

Big 5 Personality Factors

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•Openness to experience(adventure seeker)
•Extraversion (talkative)
•Neuroticism(emotional stability)
•Conscientiousness(disciplined; makes sure things are complete)
•Agreeableness(compassionate; trusting)

Front 34

DSM-IV

Back 34

classifies and lists disorders(displays symptoms)

Front 35

Anxiety symptoms

Back 35

sudden bursts, shortness of breath, dizziness

Front 36

OCD symptoms

Back 36

compulsions- behaviors you do over again
obsessions- constantly occupying your mind

Front 37

Phobias

Back 37

Irrational fear of something

Front 38

How long until you can diagnose someone with depression?

Back 38

14 days

Front 39

Depression symptoms

Back 39

lack of energy, cannot concentrate, eating habits change

Front 40

Bipolar Disorder symptoms

Back 40

mania, easily irritated, can go from highest point to the lowest point in moods

Front 41

After six months of depression what happens to a person?

Back 41

They seem to never go back to their normal range of happiness and forget simply daily tasks like showering etc

Front 42

Biological causes of bipolar disorder or depression

Back 42

low amounts of serotonin

Front 43

Positive symptoms of schizophrenia

Back 43

something that is not their in reality
ex: hallucinations

Front 44

Negative symptoms of schizophrenia

Back 44

absence of normal behaviors

Front 45

Causes of schizophrenia

Back 45

Increased dopamine in brain; biological roots;

Front 46

Psychoanalytical therapy

Back 46

bringing repressed thoughts to the surface
ex: childhood experiences, free association

Front 47

Humanistic therapy

Back 47

based off the idea that everyone has a drive for personal achievement

Front 48

Systematic Desensitization Therapy

Back 48

cannot experience relaxation and anxiety at the same time

Front 49

Token economy

Back 49

method in which desirable behaviors are rewarded with tokens that patients can use for tangible rewards

Front 50

Cognitive Therapy

Back 50

treatment that tries to replace bad thoughts with good ones

Front 51

Self-Serving

Back 51

attributing positive and negative outcomes accordingly

Front 52

Good therapy for psychological distress?

Back 52

Psychoanalytical Therapy

Front 53

Good therapy for anxiety, phobias, and OCD?

Back 53

Behavioral Therapy

Front 54

Good therapy for depression?

Back 54

Cognitive Therapy

Front 55

Fundamental Attribution Error

Back 55

tendency to overestimate the impact of dispositional influences on other people’s behavior

Front 56

Normative influence

Back 56

social norm, gaining approval, avoiding rejection

Front 57

Informational influence

Back 57

wanting to be right

Front 58

5 Steps to Helping

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1. Noticing
2. Interpreting the situation
3. Taking responsibility
4. Forming a plan
5. Executing

Front 59

Altruism

Back 59

helping people for no personal benefit

Front 60

Egoism

Back 60

helping people feel good for your personal gain

Front 61

In Group Bias

Back 61

tendency to favor individuals in our group

Front 62

Out Group Homogeneity

Back 62

the tendency to view people outside our group as highly similar which makes us not want to get to know anyone else

Front 63

Illusionary Correlation

Back 63

Perception of an association between two things where none exists

Front 64

Just-World Hypothesis

Back 64

Belief that everything is fair and everything happens for a reason

Front 65

Nikola Tesla

Back 65

Nikola Tesla was a very celebrated personality in American history. He was an undisputed genius who actually worked with Thomas Edison and made it possible for people to cheaply use electricity. Tesla did not care much for money and Edison actually took advantage of this and became wealthy off Tesla’s work. Tesla was a crazy introvert who created crazy machines and disregarded fame and acquired electricity.