Psychology Chapter 3 The Nature Nurture Of Behavior

Front 1

chromosomes

Back 1

threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain genes

Front 2

DNA

Back 2

deoxyribonucleic acid
a complex molecule
contains genetic info that makes up chromosomes

Front 3

Genes

Back 3

the biochemical units of HEREDITY
make up chromosomes
a segment of DNA is capable of synthesizing a protein

Front 4

Natural selection

Back 4

The principle-
among the range of inherited trait variations,
those that lead to an increased reproduction and survival will most likely be passed to succeeding generation

Front 5

mutation

Back 5

a random error
in gene replication that leads to genetic change

** good or bad

Front 6

Evolutionary psychology

Back 6

The study of
the EVOLUTION of BEHAVIOR and the MIND
using principles of NATURAL SELECTION

Front 7

Gender

Back 7

in psychology
the characteristics whether biologically or socially influenced, by which people define
MALE and FEMALE

Front 8

behavior genetics

Back 8

the study of-
relative power and limits of
Genetic and Environmental influences
on behavior

Front 9

Environment

Back 9

every nongenetic influence,
from prenatal nutrition to the people and things around us

Front 10

Identical twins

Back 10

*single fertilized egg -
splits in two

genetically identical

can share the same placenta or not

Front 11

Fraternal twins

Back 11

Twins who develop
*seperate eggs
not gentically the same (same as brother sister)

* share fetal environment but not same placenta

Front 12

temperament

Back 12

a person's characteristic emotional
reactivity and intensity

Front 13

interaction

Back 13

the effect of one factor (ex. environment) on another
(ex. heredity)

Front 14

culture

Back 14

the enduring
behaviors ideas attitudes traditions
shared by a large group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next

Front 15

norm

Back 15

an understood rule for accepted and expected behavior.
norms prescribe PROPER BEHAVIor

Front 16

PERSONAL SPACE

Back 16

the BUFFER zone
we like to maintain around our bodies

Front 17

x chromosome

Back 17

sex chromosome
found in both sexes
Female XX
male XY
an X chromosome from each parent = female child

Front 18

Y chromosome

Back 18

sex chromosome
found ONLY in MALES
when paired with an X from the mother it produces a
male child

Front 19

testosterone

Back 19

male sex hormone
both sexes have it
additional testosterone in males stimulates the growth of male sex organs in he fetus and the male sex characteristics during pruberty

Front 20

role

Back 20

a set of expectations ( norms) about social position
defining how those in the position ought to behave

Front 21

gender role

Back 21

a set of expected behaviors for males and for females

Front 22

gender identity

Back 22

ones sense of being male or female

Front 23

gender typing

Back 23

the acquisition of a traditional masculine or feminine role

Front 24

social learning theory

Back 24

the theory that we learn social behavior by
OBSERVING and IMITATING
and then by being rewarded or punished

Front 25

gender scheme theory

Back 25

The theory that
children learn from their culture a concept of what it means to be MALE OR FEMALE
abd they ADJUST their behavior accordingly