Psychology Chapter 2

Front 1

Which part of the neuron carries messages to other cells?

Back 1

Axon

Front 2

Which one of the following is NOT a function of glial cells?

Back 2

Generating action potentials

Front 3

When a neuron's resting potential is occuring, what is charged on the inside of the neuron?

Back 3

Negatively

Front 4

Neurotransmitters must pass from an axon terminal to the next dendrite by crossing a fluid-filled space called the what?

Back 4

Synaptic gap

Front 5

The venom of a black widow spider acts like a(n) what by mimicking the effects of acetylcholine?

Back 5

Agonist

Front 6

Which of the following is associated with pain relief?

Back 6

Endorphins

Front 7

If you touch a hot stove, your spinal cord can prompt you to withdraw your hand without having to send the message all the way to the brain. This is due to what scientists call the what?

Back 7

The reflex arc

Front 8

What is the process whereby the structure and function of brain cells change in response to trama, damage, or even learning?

Back 8

Neuroplasticity

Front 9

The neurons of the sensory pathway contain what?

Back 9

Afferent neurons

Front 10

Yvonne's ability to reach for and pick up her book is largely due to the functions of the _________ pathway of the ___________ nervous system.

Back 10

Motor; Somatic

Front 11

Which of the following would be active if you have just had an automobile accident?

Back 11

Sympathetic division

Front 12

Andrew has always been thin. In fact, he often seems to be able to eat whatever he wants without gaining weight. The doctor told his parents that Andrew's ___________ gland is the cause of his fast metabolism.

Back 12

Thyroid

Front 13

Which of the following techhniques analyzes blood oxygen levels to look at the functioning of the brain?

Back 13

fMRI

Front 14

Which brain structure allows us to pay attention to certain stimuli while ignoring others?

Back 14

Reticular formation

Front 15

Which brain structure relays incoming sensory information?

Back 15

Thalamus

Front 16

If you were to develop a rare condition in which you were not able to remember to be afraid of certain situations, animals, or events, which part of the brain would most likely be damaged?

Back 16

Amygdala

Front 17

If your roommate has a problem paying attention, it may be due to damage to this part of the limbic system.

Back 17

Cingulate cortex

Front 18

What part of the brain can sometimes be referred to as the "rind" or outer covering?

Back 18

Corterx

Front 19

In which of the following lobes of the cortex would you find the primary visual cortex?

Back 19

Occipital

Front 20

The ability to detect changes in temperature, pressure, and body position is due in part to the functions of what lobe?

Back 20

Parietal

Front 21

You have a dream in which you wake up to find that people around you are using words that make no sense. What's more, your friends don't seem to understand you when you speak. At one point in your dream, your mom tells you that you almost forget your tree limb today. When you give her a puzzled look, she holds up your lunchbox and repeats, "You know, your tree limb." Your predicament in your dream is most like which of the following disorders?

Back 21

Wernicke's aphasia

Front 22

Which part of the brain tends to process information globally?

Back 22

Right hemisphere

Front 23

In the structure of the neuron, what receives messages from other cells?

Back 23

Dendrite

Front 24

Oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells generate a fatty substance known as what?

Back 24

Myelin

Front 25

Which of the following insulates and protects a neuron's axon, as well as helps to speed along electrical impulses?

Back 25

Myelin sheath

Front 26

When a neuron is in the resting potential state, the neuron is negatively charged on the ___________ and positively charged on the ____________.

Back 26

Inside; Outside

Front 27

Which neurotransmitter stimulates muscle cells to contract but slows contractions in the heart?

Back 27

Acetylcholine

Front 28

Heroin mimics the actions of endorphins, inhibiting pain signals and creating a "high" feeling. Heroin is an example of a(n) what?

Back 28

Agonist

Front 29

Involuntary muscles are controlled by the ___________ nervous system.

Back 29

Autonomic

Front 30

As you take notes, your heart beats at a normal rate. Your breathing is normal and you stomach slowly digests your earlier meal. What division of the peripheral nervous system is currently in action?

Back 30

Parasympathetic

Front 31

Robert has had difficulty sleeping for the past 6 months and his body seemingly no longer differentiates between night and day. His doctor believes the problem lies with Robert's endocrine system. What gland will Robert's physician focus on?

Back 31

Pineal

Front 32

Which gland(s) is/are known to influence all other glands within the endocrine system?

Back 32

Pituitary gland

Front 33

Bailey is a subject in a study on memory and problem solving. The researcher is applying magnetic pulses to her brain through copper wire coils positioned directly above her scalp. Bailey's study would best be described as a(n) what?

Back 33

Noninvasive stimulation technique

Front 34

Which technique of studying the brain involves injecting the patient with radioactive glucose?

Back 34

PET

Front 35

Maria often sleeps soundly and rarely awakens to any outside noise. However, the cries of Maria's baby can awaken her immediately. What part of the brain is responsible for this reaction?

Back 35

Reticular formation

Front 36

Alexis and Theresa are synchronized swimmers for their college swim team. They often work long hours to ensure the movements in their routine are perfectly timed. What part of their brains must Alexis and Theresa rely most upon?

Back 36

Cerebellum

Front 37

Your psychology professor refers to this as the great relay station of the brain. What part is he or she referring to?

Back 37

Thalamus

Front 38

Which part of the brain is involved in the creation of memories and is often linked to Alzheimer's disease?

Back 38

Hippocampus

Front 39

Jessica has suffered a severe blow to the back of her head when she was thrown from her horse. Subsequently, her occipital lobe has been injured. Which of her senses has the highest chance of being affected?

Back 39

Vision

Front 40

Jaime's grandfather recently suffered a stroke and has had difficulty with language production ever since. Most likely, he has experienced damage to the ___________ area of his brain.

Back 40

Left frontal

Front 41

Felicia is recovering from a brain injury. She is able to speak fluently but often uses incorrect words in a sentence. In one instance at a friend's birthday party, she said, "I would like something to drink. Can I have some battery?" Felicia's problem is known as what?

Back 41

Wernicke's aphasia

Front 42

Although the brain works largely as a whole, which of the following is not a correct pairing of hemisphere and function?

Back 42

Right; Control of right-handed motor functions