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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Daily hassles and annoyances |
Microstressors |
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Gauge the severity of a stressor by measuring intensity, duration, predictability, controllability, chronicity |
Life event scales |
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What are the four stages of stress response? |
1. Primary appraisal- appraisal of the demand of the situation 2. Secondary appraisal - appraisal of resources available to cope with 3. Judgments - consequences 4. Appraisal of the personal meaning - outcome that affects us |
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Physiological response pattern to strong & prolonged stressors |
General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) |
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What are the three stages of general adaption syndrome ? |
Alarm reaction, Resistance, Exhaustion |
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This substance is secreted during an alarm reaction, it has similar effects to epinephrine and causes depression/ anxiety disorder |
Cortisol |
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Heightened tendency to experience negative emotion and get into negative situations because of it |
Neuroticism |
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These disorders deal with physical symptoms that are caused by psychological factors |
Psychosomatic disorders |
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This disorder is caused by a specific event such as torture, rape, murder etc. It causes painful uncontrollable reliving of the event in flashbacks, dreams and fantasies |
PTSD |
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What are the two classes of hormones secreted by adrenal glands in response to stress ? |
Catecholamines - epinephrine and NE (boosts immune system Corticosteroids - mainly cortisol (damages it) |
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People with high physiological toughness respond to stress with low levels of __________ and quick strong jump in ____________
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Cortisol, Catecholamines |
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What are the three parts trait of hardiness ? |
1. Commitment to work/family 2. Perception of control over situation 3. Viewing the situation as a challenge |
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What are the two personality types? |
Type A - Live under great pressure, demanding of themselves and others Type B - More relaxed and agreeable, far less time urgency |
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What are the two types of coping? |
Problem-focussed coping - confront & deal directly with demands of stressor Emotion-focussed coping - manage the emotional response (much worse) |
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What are the 6 stages of the transtheoretical model? |
Pre-contemplation - problem unrecognized Contemplation - problem recognized Preparation - preparing to change behaviour Action - implementating change strategy Maintenance - behaviour change maintained Termination - permanent change |
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Women are more infected by AIDs than Gay men, true or false |
True, women (50%), Gay men (5-10%) |
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This theory states that people learn from those they admire and that they associate positive role models with positive consequence and negative role models with negative ones. |
Bandura's social cognitive theory |
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This cognitive behavioural strategy leads people to their own conclusions by asking questions, revealing their discrepancies between self and ideal-self |
Motivational interviewing |
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This cognitive behaviour strategy is designed not to eliminate a behaviour, but rather to reduce the harmful effects of a behaviour when it occurs. Example safe needle clinics. |
Harm reduction approaches |
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This cognitive behaviour strategy includes multiple approaches such as aversion therapy, self-monitoring procedures, positive reinforcement, meditation etc. |
Multimodal treatment approaches |
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One time slips into bad behaviour due to a high stress situation |
Lapses |
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This effect occurs when a person becomes upset and self-blaming over failure, reduces self efficacy |
Abstinence violation effect |
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This model of stress says that stress occurs when there is an imbalance of situational demands and personal demands |
Transactional model of stress (Lazarus) |
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Regular health screening, adequate rest, nutrition & exercises is an example of what behaviours |
Health-enhancing behaviours |
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Substance abuse, unprotected sex and an unhealthy lifestyle is an example of what type of behaviour ?
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Health-compromising behaviour |
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What is the one limitation of GAS (General Adaptation Syndrome) ?
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It refers to the physical side of stress and ignores cognitive appraisals of stress |
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This behavioural strategy to reduce stress involves using positive coping statements to control fear and anxiety. Ex "Im going to be okay, everything will be just fine." |
Stress Inoculation |
