Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
An individual's unique and relatively consistent patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving
|
personality
|
|
A theory that attempts to describe and explain individual similarities and differences.
|
personality theory
|
|
Sigmund Freud's theory of personality, which emphasizes unconscious determinants of behavior, sexual and aggressive instinctual drives, and the enduring effects of early childhood experiences on later personality development.
|
psychoanalysis
|
|
A psychoanalytic technique in which the patient spontaneously reports all thoughts, feelings, and mental images as they come to mind.
|
free association
|
|
In Freud's theory, a term used to describe thoughts, feelings, wishes and drives that are operating below the level of conscious behavior
|
unconscious
|
|
Latin for the it' in Freud's theory the completely unconscious, irrational component of personality that seeks immediate satisfaction of instinctual urges and drives, ruled by the pleasure principle.
|
id
|
|
In Freud's theory, the self-preservation or life instince, reflected in the expression of basic biological urges that perpetuate the existence of the individual and the species.
|
Eros
|
|
In Freud's theory, the pschological and emotional energy associated with expressions of sexuality; the sex drive.
|
libido
|
|
In Freud's theory, the death instince, reflected in aggressive, destructive, and self-distructive actions.
|
Thanatos
|
|
In Freud's theory, the motive to obtain peasure and avoid tension or discomfort; the most fundamental human motive and the guiding principle of the id
|
pleasure principle
|
|
Latin for I; in Freud's theory, the partly conscious rational component of personality that regulates thoughts and behavior and is most in touch with the demands of the external world.
|
ego
|
|
In Freud's theory, the awareness of environmental demands and the capacity to accommodate them by postponing gratification until the appropriate time or circumstances exist.
|
reality principle
|
|
In Freud's theory, the partly conscious, self-evaluative, moralistic component of personality that is formed through the internalization of parental and societal rules.
|
superego
|
|
In psychoanalytic theory, largely unconscious distortions of thoughts or perceptions that act to reduce anxiety
|
ego defense mechanisms
|
|
In psychoanalytic theory, the ego defense mechanism that involves unconsciously shifting the target of an emotional urge to a substitute target that is less threatening or dangerous.
|
displacement
|
|
In psychoanalytic theory, an ego defense mechanism that invlves redirecting sexual urges toward productive, socially acceptable, nonsexual activites; a form of displacement
|
sublimation
|
|
In Freud's theory, age-related developmntal periods in which the child's sexual urges are expressed through different areas of the body and the activities associated with those areas
|
psychosexual stages
|
|
In Freud's theory, a child's unconscious sexual desire for the opposite-sex parent, usually accompanied by hostile feelings toward the same-sex parent
|
Oedipus complex
|
|
In psychoanalytic theory, an ego defense mechanism that involves reducing anxiety by modeling the behavior and characteristics of another person
|
identification
|
|
In Jung's theory, the hypothesized part of the unconscious mind that is inherited from previous generations and that contains universally shared ancestral experiences and ideas.
|
collective unconscious
|
|
In Jung's theory, the inherited mental images of universal human instincts, themes, and preoccupations that are the main components of the collective unconscious
|
archetypes
|
|
The theoretical viewpoint on personality that generally emphasizes that inherent goodness of people , human poential, self-actualiztion, the self-concept, and helthy personality development
|
humanistic psychology
|
|
In Rogers's theory, the innate drive to maintain and enhance the human organism
|
actualizing tendency
|
|
The set of perceptions and beliefs that you hold about yourself.
|
self-concept
|
|
In Rogers's theory, the sense that you will be valued and loved only if you behave in a way that is acceptable to others; conditional love or acceptance
|
conditional positive regard
|
|
In Rogers's theory, the sense that you will be valud and loved even if you don't conform to the standards and expectations of others, unconditional love or acceptance.
|
unconditional positive regard
|
|
Bandura's theory of personality, which emhasizes the importance of observational learning, conscious cognitive processes, social experiences, self-efficacy beliefs, and reciprocal determinism.
|
social cognitive theory
|
|
A model proposed by psychologist Albert Bandura that explains human funcitoning and personality as cuased by the interaction of behavioral, cognitive, and environmental factors.
|
reciprocal determinism
|
|
The beliefs that peropls have about their ability to meet the demand of a specific situation; feelings of self-confidence or self-doubt.
|
self-efficacy
|