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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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source misattribution |
the inability to distinguish an actual memory of an event from information you learned about the actual event elsewhere |
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confabulation |
confusion of an event that happened to someone else with one that happened to you, or a belief that you remember something when it never actually happened |
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explicit memory |
cconscious, intentional recognition of an event or of an item of information |
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recall |
the inability to retrieve and reproduce from memory previously encountered material |
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recognition |
the ability to identify previously encountered material |
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implicit memory |
unconscious retention in memory, as evidenced by the effect of a previous experience or previously encountered information on current thoughts or actions |
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priming |
a method used to measure unconscious cognitive processes in which a person is exposed to information and is later tested to see whether the information affects behavior or performance on another task or in another situation |
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relearning method |
a method for measuring retention that compares the time required to relearn material with the time used in the initial learning of the material |
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parallel distribution processing (PDP) model |
a model of memory in which knowledge is represented as connections among thousands of interacting processing units, distributed in a vast network, and all operating in parallel. Also called constructionist model |
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sensory register |
a memory system that momentarily preserves extremely accurate images of sensory information |
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short- term memory (STM) |
in the three- box model of memory, a limited- capacity memory system involved in the retention of information for belief periods; it is also used to hold information regretted from long term memory for temporary use. |
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working memory |
in many models of memory, a cognitively complex form of short term memory; it involves active mental processes that control retrieval of information from long term memory and interpret that information appropriately for a given task |
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long term memory |
in the three box model of memory, the memory system involved in the long term storage of information |
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procedural memories |
memories for the performance of actions or skills (knowing how) |
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declarative memories |
memories of facts, rules, concepts and events (knowing that) they include semantic and episodic memories |
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semantic memories |
memories of general knowledge, including facts, rules, concepts and propositions |
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episodic memories |
memories of personal experienced events and the contexts in which they occurred |
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long term potentiation |
a long lasting increase in the strength of synaptic responsiveness, through to be a biological mechanism of a long term memory |
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consolidation |
the process by which a long term memory becomes durable and relatively stable |
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mnemonics |
strategies and tricks for improving memory, such as the use of verse or a formula |
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maintenance rehearsal |
rote repetition of material in order t maintain its availability in memory |
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elaborative rehearsal |
association of new information with already stored knowledge and analysis of the new information to make it memorable |
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deep processing |
in the encoding of information, the processing of meaning rather that simply the physical or sensory features of a stimulus |
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decay theory |
the theory that information in memory eventually disappears if it is not accessed; it applies better to short term than to long term memory |
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retroactive interference |
forgetting that occurs when recently learned material interferes with the ability to remember similar material stored previously |
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proactive interference |
forgetting that occurs when previously stored material interferes when the ability to remember similar, more recently earned material |
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cue- dependent forgetting |
the inability to retrieve information stored in memory because of insufficient cues for recall |
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state dependent memory |
the tendency to remember something when the rememberer is in the same physical or mental state as during the original learning or experience |
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mood- congruent memory |
the tendency to remember experiences that are consistent with ones current mood and overlook or forget experiences that are not |
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amnesia |
the partial or complete loss of memory for important personal information |
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repression |
in psychoanalytic theory, the selective, involuntary pushing of threatening or upsetting information into the unconscious |
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childhood amnesia |
the inability to remember events and experiences that occurred during the first two or three years of life |
