Psychology-4

Front 1

Selective attention

Back 1

the brain is bombarded with enormous amounts of stimuli,, which must be attended to or blocked out

Front 2

Gestalt principles

Back 2

1. nearness-stimuli which are near to each other tend to be grouped together

2. similarity-tendency towards simplicity

3. closure-tenency to cmplete, or fill in gaps

4. contiguity-nearness in time or space

Front 3

Habituation

Back 3

decreased perceptual response to a repeated stimulus

Front 4

Hallucination

Back 4

an imaginary sensation which does not exist in the external world.

Front 5

Perceptual defense

Back 5

resistance to perceiving threatening or diturbing stimuli. There is a natural resistance to stimuli which are unpleasant

Front 6

Orientation response

Back 6

bodily changes which prepare an organism to receive new information from a particular stimulus

Front 7

Electromagnetic spectrum

Back 7

the full range of electormagnetic wavelengths, including radio waves, light waves, x-rays, etc.

Front 8

Perception

Back 8

the mental process of organizing sensations into meaningful patterns

Front 9

Subliminal perception

Back 9

perception of a stimulus below the threshold for conscious recognition

Front 10

Illusion

Back 10

a misleading or ditorted perception

Front 11

depth perception

Back 11

the ability to see three-dimensional spaces and to accurately judge distances

Front 12

Sensation

Back 12

immediate response in the brain caused by the excitation of a sensory organ

Front 13

Absolute threshold

Back 13

the minimum amount of physical energy required to produce a sensation

Front 14

Gestalt psychology

Back 14

the study of thinking, learning, and perception in whole units. This was originally advanced by Max Wertheimer

Front 15

Size-distance invariance

Back 15

the direct relationship between the distance an object lies from the eye and the size of its image

Front 16

Size, shape, and brightness constancy

Back 16

the perceived size or shape of an object remains constant despite changes in the retinal image

Front 17

Transducer

Back 17

anything which converts one form of energy into another