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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
psychology
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it is the science that seeks to understand behavior and mental processes, and to apply that understanding in the service of human welfare
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cognitive psychology
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they study basic mental processes such as senstation and perception. learning and memeory, and judgement decision making and problem solving
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biological psychology
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also known as psychological psychologists or neuroscientists, study topics such as roles played by genetics and brain chemistry in causing schizophrenia, paterns with the brain, and how stress affects people
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personality psychologists
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they study individuality, such as personality traits. some describe how one individual compares with others. Others study particular combinations of personality traits that may predictparticular patterns of behavior
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developmental psychologists
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syudy and descibe changes in behavior and mental processes over the life span, trying to understand their causes and affetcs. they explore areas like development of thought friendshipo attersn, parenting styles, and wheter everyone faces a midlife crisis
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quantitive psychologists
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they develop and use statistical methods to analyze vast amounts od data collected by their colleges in other subfields
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clinical counsiling and community psychologists
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study the causes of behavior disorders and offer services to help troubled people overcome these disorders. generally clinical psychologists have a phd in psychology. community psychologists offer psychology to the homeless. a counsiling psychologist might work as a mental health counceler
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educational psychologists
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- they study methods by which intructors teach and students learn and who apply their results to inproving such methods
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school psychologists
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those who test iq , diagnose students acdemic problems, and set up programs to improve their acheivement
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scocial psychologists
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they study how people influence on anothers behavior and attitudes especially in groups
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industrial/ organizational psychologists
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they examin factors that influence peoples performance in the workplace
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health psychologists
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those who study the effects of behavior on health and the impact of illness on behavior and emotion
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sport psychologists
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those whose research is aimed at maximizing athletic performance
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forensic psychologists
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those who involved in many aspects of psychology and law
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enginerring psychologists
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those who study and try to improve the relationships between human biengs and the computers and pother machines they use
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enviromental psychologists
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those who study the relationship between peoples pyhsical enviroment and there behavior
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empiricism
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the view that knowledge comes from the experience and observation
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consiouness
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the mental experience that comes from these sytems
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evoluntionary approach
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assumes that the behavior of animals and humans is due to evoluntion and natiral selcetion
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psychodynamic approach
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a view developed by frued that emphasizes unconsious mental processes in explaining human thought feelings or behavior
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behavioral approach
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the assumption that human behavior is determined mainly by what a person has learned in life , especially by rewards and punichment
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cognative approach
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a veiw that emphasizes research on how the brain takes in information . create perceptions, forms and retrieves memories, processes information, and generates intergrated patterns of actiuon
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humanistic approach
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that beahvior is controlled by the decisions that people make about their lives based on their perceptions of the world
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socioculture variables
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social idenity and other background factors such as gender, ethencity, social class, and culture
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operational definitions
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statements that define phenomenon or variables by descirbing the exact research operations or methods used in measuring or manipulating them
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variables
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specific factors or characteristics that can take on different numerical values in research
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relabilty
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the degree in which test results or research occur repeadetly
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validilty
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the degree to which evidence from a test or other research method measures what is supposed to measure
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theory
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an intergarte set of propositions used to explain certain phenoma
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naturalistic observation
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the process of watching without interfering as a phenomenon occurs in the natural enviorment
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case studies
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research involving the intensive examination of somthing or someone
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experimantal group
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the group that recieves the experimental treatment
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control group
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the group that recieves no treatment or provides some baseline
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confounding variable
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any factor that affects the dependent variable along woth or intsread of the independent variable
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random variables
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uncontrolled or incontrollable factors that affect the dependent variable along with or instead of the independent variable
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random assignment
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a procedure through which random variables are evenly distributed in an experiment by placing partisipants in experimental and controll groups in a random process
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placebo
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a treatment that contains no active ingrediant but produces and effect because the peprson belives it will
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double blind design
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a research desing in which neither the experimento or partisipants know who is inn the experimental group and who is in the control group
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