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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Infants must learn to interpret sensations (William James) Similar to tabula rasa |
Empiricists |
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Basic perceptual abilities innate (Rene Descartes, Immanuel Kant) We have basic capacity skills |
Nativists |
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What theory is ... Cognitive schemes are needed to make sense of sensory information (Piaget) |
Enrichment Theory |
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What theory is ... Sensory information can be interpreted on its own Children learn to detect distinctive feature (Gibson) |
Differentiation Theory |
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What research method is this... Two stimuli presented simultaneously Infant's attention to each measured |
Preference method |
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What research method is this... Stimulus presented repeatedly until infant's response habituates Discrimination ability is tested by presenting second stimulus and observing response (Dishabituation) |
Habituation Method |
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What research method is this... Record of brain electrical activity Observe changes in activity for different stimuli Changes indicate to ability to discriminate |
Evoked Potentials |
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What research method is this... Pacifier sucking controls stimulus presentation |
High-Amplitude Sucking |
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What are the seven sensory capabilities |
Hearing, Taste, Smell, Touch, Temperature, Pain and Vision |
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What is... the ability to use sensory modality to identify something already familiar in another sensory modality |
Intermodal Perception |
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What are the three features of learning |
New way, Experience, Permanent |
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What is a positive reinforcer |
adds to the situation; increases probability of recurrence |
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What is a negative reinforcer |
removes something from situation; increase probability of recurrence |
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What is a positive punisher |
adds to the situation; decrease probability of recurrence |
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What is a negative punisher |
remove something from the situation; decreases probability of recurrence |
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what is this.... learning from watching others' behaviour newborns imitate facial gestures deferred imitation develops in 2nd year |
imitation |
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what is this... improves over 1st year individual differences that predict later competencies |
habituation |
