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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Psychopathology |
Sickness or disorder of the mind. |
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Etiology |
Factors that contribute to the development of a disorder. |
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Diathesis-stress model |
Proposes that a disorder may develop when an underlying vulnerability is coupled with a precipitating event. |
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Biopsychosocial Approach to Psychological Disorders |
According to this approach, most psychological disorders are influenced by three factors: biological processes, such as brain function and genetics; psychological processes, including how people think and feel, and sociocultural factors, such as socioeconomic status. |
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Comorbidity |
the simultaneous presence of two or chronic diseases or conditions in a patient |
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Phobia |
Fear of a specific object or situation that is out of proportion with any actual threat. |
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Generalized anxiety disorder |
A diffuse state of constant anxiety not associated with any specific object or event. |
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Panic disorder |
An anxiety disorder that consists of sudden, overwhelming attacks of terror. |
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Agoraphobia |
An anxiety disorder marked by fear of being in a situation from which escape may be difficult or impossible. |
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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) |
A disorder characterized by frequent intrusive thoughts that create anxiety and compulsive actions that temporarily reduce the anxiety. |
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Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) |
A mental disorder that involves frequent nightmares, intrusive thoughts, and flashbacks related to an earlier trauma. |
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Major Depressive Disorder |
Mood disorder, characterized by extremely depressed moods or a lack of interest in normally pleasurable activities, that persists for two weeks or more. |
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Persistent depressive disorder |
Mood disorder, characterized by mildly or moderately depressed moods, that persists for at least two years. |
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Cognitive Triad |
People who experience depression perceive themselves, their situations, and the future negatively. These perceptions influence each other and contribute to the disorder. |
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Bipolar 1 Disorder |
A mood disorder characterized by extremely elevated moods during manic episodes. |
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Bipolar 2 Disorder |
A mood disorder characterized by alternating periods of extremely depressed and mildly elevated moods. |
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Schizophrenia |
A psychological disorder characterized by a split between thought and emotion where a person has difficulty distinguishing whether altered thoughts, perceptions, and conscious experiences are real versus what are imagined. |
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Positive symptoms |
Symptoms of schizophrenia that are marked by excesses in functioning, such as delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized speech or behavior. |
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Negative symptoms |
Symptoms of schizophrenia that are marked as deficits in functioning, such as apathy, lack of emotion, and slowed speech and movement. |
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Delusions |
False beliefs based on incorrect inferences about reality. |
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Hallucinations |
False sensory perceptions that are experienced without an external source. |
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Borderline Personality Disorder |
A personality disorder characterized by disturbances in identity, in moods, and in impulse control. |
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Antisocial personality disorder |
A personality disorder marked by disregard for and violation of the rights of others and by a lack of remorse. |
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Dissociative amnesia |
A mental disorder that involves disruptions of memory for personal facts or loss of conscious awareness for a period of time. |
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Dissociative identity disorder (DID) |
The occurrence of two or more distinct identities in the same individual. |
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Autism spectrum disorder |
A developmental disorder characterized by deficits in social interaction, by impaired communication, and by restricted, repetitive behavior and interests. |
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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) |
A disorder characterized by excessive activity or fidgeting, inattentiveness, and impulsivity. |
