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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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rostral/anterior
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"toward the beak"
"toward the head" |
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dorsal
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back
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caudal/posterior
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toward the tail
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ventral
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front
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lateral
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side
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medial
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midline
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horizantal plane
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horizantal cut across the brain from side to side
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sagittal plane
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vertical cut across the brain from top to bottom
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transverse plane (frontal section)
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vertical cut across the brain side to side
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formation of neural tube arises from...
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the ectoderm of the back of the embryo thickens and forms a plate
the edges of the plate form ridges that curl toward each other forming a tube rostral end of neural tube forms chambers, which become ventricles and the tissue surrounding them becomes the 3 major parts of the brain |
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forebrain --> subdivisions
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telencephalon
diencephalon |
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telencephalon divides into 3 structures _______
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cerebral cortex
basal ganglia limbic system |
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diencephalon divides into 2 structures ________
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thalamus
hypothalamus |
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midbrain
subdivision? 2 structures? |
mesencephalon
tectum tegmentum |
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hindbrain
2 subdivisions? 3 structure? |
metencephalon
myelencephalon medulla cerebellum pons |
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myelencephalon
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medulla
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metencephalon
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cerebellum
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brainstem
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midbrain
pons medulla |
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somatic nervous system
controls? conveys? |
part of the PNS that controls voluntary muscles and conveys sensory info to the CNS
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autonomic nervous system
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part of the PNS that controls involuntary muscles (body's vegetative functions)
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sympathetic of ANS
examples? |
controls functions that accompany arousal and expenditure of energy
-speeds heartbeat -relaxes bladder -inhibits digestive system |
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parasympathetic of ANS
examples? |
controls functions that occur during a relaxed state
-slows heartbeat -contracts bladder -stimulates digestive system |
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afferent axons
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an axon directed TOWARD the CNS conveying sensory info
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efferent axons
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an axon directed AWAY from the CNS conveying motor commands to muscles/glands
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white matter is
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myelinated axon
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gray matter is
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cell bodies
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medulla
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controls vital functions such as regulation of the heart and respiration
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cerebellum controls...?
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standing
walking coordination |
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pons
controls? |
sleep and arousal
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tectum
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1. inferior colliculus
hearing 2. superior colliculus vision |
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tegmentum
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1. part of reticular formation
2. axonal tracts of passage 3. nuclei for sensorimotor organization |
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reticular formation runs through...
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the brain stem
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hypothalamus
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-feeding
-sex -hormones -motivation |
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thalamus
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relay for sensory systems from brain to cortex
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limbic system
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learning and memory
cognitive processing emotions |
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basal ganglia
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control of movement
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cerebral cortex
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sensory/motor processing
higher association areas |
