Psych Test 3

Front 1

Describe pre-pubertal friendships

Back 1

They are more often same-sex, in larger groups, high intimacy and conflict in girls. Boys benefit from friendship with with girls but not the other way around

Front 2

describe some traits of a peer group

Back 2

they generate shared values and standards of behavior. Leaders are present that dictate language and dress code

Front 3

how is pre-pubertal peer status measure?

Back 3

positive nominations

Front 4

physical effects of poverty

Back 4

higher infant mortality rate, lest pre/postnatal care, poor nutrition

Front 5

cognitive effects of poverty

Back 5

correlated with lower MEAP scores, lower gpa and fewer years of school completed

Front 6

emotional effects of poverty

Back 6

buffered by family
increased risk behavior and worse outcome of that behavior

Front 7

is influence of environment stronger on rich or poor?

Back 7

poor (4x more likely) goes back to how environment derails more than enhances development

Front 8

what risk is involved with affluence?

Back 8

increased substance abuse & emotional problems

Front 9

hi pos votes low neg

Back 9

popular

Front 10

hi pos votes high neg

Back 10

controversial

Front 11

low pos votes lo neg

Back 11

neglected

Front 12

low pos votes high neg

Back 12

rejected

Front 13

describe "popular" kids

Back 13

more cooperative and rule-following, better strategies for joining play and reading social situations

Front 14

describe "neglected" kids

Back 14

more shy, some more academic, close with families, and do well as adults

Front 15

describe "controversial" kids

Back 15

have both aggressive and prosocial behaviors, LEAST stable

Front 16

describe "rejected" kids

Back 16

very aggressive, egocentric perspective, very stable

Front 17

describe timeline of self-esteem levels

Back 17

extremely high in preschool, drops entering school, then sharp drop in adolescence

Front 18

t/f it is normal for a child to have low self-esteem in preschool

Back 18

false, that should cause worry

Front 19

what important change in self esteem occurs at 4 years of age?

Back 19

breaks down into specifics. Good at basketball but bad at art

Front 20

What happens to self esteem when entering school

Back 20

drops

Front 21

which aspect of self esteem is most salient when entering school

Back 21

physical

Front 22

when is sharpest drop in self esteem

Back 22

adolescence, but is very changeable throughout the day

Front 23

key developments in concrete operational stage

Back 23

metacognition, classification (love rules), and seriation

Front 24

some limits of concrete operational theory

Back 24

least creative period, new tasks must be learned from scratch, legalistic (fairness), and very critical

Front 25

high support and high control

Back 25

authoritative

Front 26

high support and low control

Back 26

permissive

Front 27

low support and high control

Back 27

authoritairian

Front 28

low support and low control

Back 28

neglectful

Front 29

what is most difficult part about divorce for children

Back 29

the conflict and fighting between the parents

Front 30

girls or boys take remarriage worse?

Back 30

girls, helps boys

Front 31

what is worst part about divorce for boys

Back 31

father absence

Front 32

what type of reaction do young children have to divorce

Back 32

egocentric
who will take care of me? will I be left alone?

Front 33

what type of reaction do older children have to divorce?

Back 33

coherent rumination
issues of loyalty, feel betrayed, pressure to take sides

Front 34

what factors are related to adjustment to divorce

Back 34

children's contact with non-custodial parent, ability of parents to coparent, freedom from pressure to take sides, maintenance of previous life

Front 35

what sparked creation of adolescent age group

Back 35

industrial revolution-youth kicked out of labor force and left without much responsibilities

Front 36

which societies have longest adolescent periods

Back 36

industrial

Front 37

trends for U.S. teens

Back 37

spend little time with adults (10 hours or less per week), lack of purposeful role

Front 38

what is only productive role for teens?

Back 38

student. work is not meaningful role

Front 39

what is pseudo-maturity

Back 39

superficially mimicking behaviors of adults in sex, dress, and drink

Front 40

when does puberty often start

Back 40

5 years old

Front 41

puberty fast or slow?

Back 41

slow

Front 42

what is puberty triggered by?

Back 42

body mass

Front 43

interaction of what body parts triggers puberty?

Back 43

hypothalamus, pituitary gland, gonads

Front 44

secular trend of puberty

Back 44

beginning age is going down 3 months every ten years

Front 45

societal views of menarche

Back 45

privation/not celebrated

Front 46

conflict of physical changes in girls during puberty

Back 46

most put on average of 30 pounds. societal image is pre-pubertal, so feminine ideal is anorectic

Front 47

parents more or less strict on girls after menarche

Back 47

more

Front 48

parent more or less strict on boys during puberty

Back 48

less

Front 49

early puberty good or bad for girls

Back 49

bad

Front 50

self esteem increases or decreases for boys during puberty

Back 50

increases

Front 51

late puberty good or bad for boys

Back 51

bad

Front 52

define clique

Back 52

small groups of same sex kids at 11-14 years old

Front 53

what brings people in cliques together

Back 53

academics, SES, and interests