Psych Test 2 Chapter 4

Front 1

External validity

Back 1

How well the results of a study apply to individuals and realistic behaviors outside the study

Front 2

Internal validity

Back 2

How well the study provides causal information about behavior

Front 3

Reliability

Back 3

How well results can be replicated

Front 4

Operational Definition

Back 4

The definition of an abstract concept used by a researcher manipulates the concept in the research study

Example: smiles mean happiness

Front 5

Inter-observer / inter-rater reliability

Back 5

The similarities of how different observers see behaviors

Front 6

Survey research

Back 6

Survey and observation techniques to measure behavior

Front 7

Qualitative data

Back 7

Nonnumerical participant responses

Front 8

Quantitative data

Back 8

Numerical data

Front 9

Archival data

Back 9

Collecting data while going over preexisting data

Front 10

Content Analysis

Back 10

Analysis of the content of an individuals spoken or written record

Front 11

Variable

Back 11

An attribute that can vary across individuals

Front 12

Dependent variable

Back 12

Variable that is measured or observed from an individual

Front 13

Case study

Back 13

A research method involving intensive study of subjects and behaviors

Front 14

Small-n design

Back 14

Few participant study to better understand the behaviors of those individuals

Front 15

Correlation study

Back 15

Relationships between multiple dependent variables without manipulating them

Front 16

Predictor variable

Back 16

Dependent variable in a correlation study used to predict the score of another variable

Front 17

Outcome variable

Back 17

Dependent variable in a correlation study that is predicted by the predictor variable. ********

Front 18

Third variable problem

Back 18

Presence of extraneous factors that affect the dependent variable decreasing internal validity

Front 19

Independent variable

Back 19

Manipulated variable

Front 20

Levels of independent variable

Back 20

Different situations or conditions that participants experience in the experiment because of the manipulations

Front 21

Experimental group

Control group

Back 21

Experiences independent variable

Doesn't experience independent variable

Front 22

Confounding variable

Back 22

Outside factors that may affect results

Front 23

Quasi-experiment

Back 23

Comparisons of different studies

Front 24

Ex post facto design

Back 24

A quasi-experiment where subjects are grouped based on a characteristic they already have

(Comparative study containing desired characteristics)

Front 25

Pretest-posttest design

Back 25

Behavior is measured before and after the study