Psych Test 2

Front 1

What's EEG?

Back 1

measure electrical activity in brain

Front 2

Beta Wave

Back 2

awake & alert

Front 3

Alpha Wave

Back 3

relaxed and drowsy

Front 4

Sleep Stage 1

Back 4

transition period characterized by theta waves

Front 5

Hypnogogic state

Back 5

feels like floating/falling. Brief images (alien abduction explanation)

Front 6

Stage 2

Back 6

characterized by sleep spindles. Definitely asleep ~20 mins after stage 1

Front 7

Stage 3

Back 7

transition stage to slow wave (deepest part of sleep) Delta Waves

Front 8

Stage 4

Back 8

slow wave sleep (delta waves

Front 9

How many stages of sleep do we go through and do we keep going through all?

Back 9

4 stages. After 1st 4 are done only go back to stage 2 then REM sleep

Front 10

How long is each stage

Back 10

90 mins

Front 11

Which stages happen less often during night?

Back 11

3 & 4 happen less often and REM increases

Front 12

REms leep

Back 12

where dreams occur. REM dreams are most vivid. (can dream in any stage but not as vivid)

Front 13

What is paradoxical sleep and when does it happen?

Back 13

because you're basically paralyzed but EEg shows alpha/beta waves (relaxed,alert) in REM sleep

Front 14

What does sleep loss do to you?

Back 14

depresses immune system & impairs performance
Impairs reaction time and cognitive performance
Can change metabolic & hormonal functions

Front 15

Insomnia?

Back 15

trouble getting & staying asleep (anxiety, worry)

Front 16

Narcolepsy

Back 16

sudden onset of sleep. Brief PA or emotions can trigger it

Front 17

Sleep apnea

Back 17

stop breathing during sleep 10+/- sec. HInders getting amt of sleep. More likely in chronic snorers and obese

Front 18

night terrors

Back 18

mostly children. sleep stages 3 &4 (can move) Don't remember what happened

Front 19

REM behavior disorder

Back 19

when brainstem doesn't stop motor cortex signals sending movement

Front 20

circadian rhythm

Back 20

24-hour cycle of day & night

Front 21

Spontaneous Recovery

Back 21

the reappearance, after a pause, of an extinguished conditioned response

Front 22

generalization

Back 22

the tendency for stimuli similar to the conditioned stimulus to elicit similar responses

Front 23

higher order conditioning

Back 23

when the CS is paired with a new stimulus. EX: an animal learned a tone predicts food might learn that a light predicts the tone and begin responding to light alone

Front 24

systematic desensitization

Back 24

type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety triggering stimuli (EX: treating phobias)

Front 25

Shaping

Back 25

OC when reinforcers guide behavior toward closer and closer approximations of the desired behavior

Front 26

successive approximations

Back 26

reward responses that are close to final desired behavior. (rat getting closer to lever in cage)

Front 27

instinctual drift

Back 27

Ex. when pigs would drop the coin, push it with their snouts, as they're prone to do

Front 28

primary reinforcer

Back 28

Getting food when hungry.

innately forcing stimulus, one that satisisfies biological need.

Front 29

Condition reinforcer

Back 29

(secondary reinf.) get power thru learned assoc. w/ primary reinf.
EX: light - food, money-good grades

Front 30

observational learning

Back 30

learning by observing others

Front 31

Testing effect

Back 31

using testing as a way to learn

Front 32

serial position effect

Back 32

EX: when learning new names, keep repeating them over in head

Front 33

Long-term potentiation

Back 33

prolonged strengthening of potential neural firing. (makes it easier for neurons to fire)

Front 34

retrograde

Back 34

when person can't remember info prior to onset of amnesia

Front 35

antegrade

Back 35

can't remember newly learned info after onset of amnesia (damaged hippocampus)
EX: 50 1st dates

Front 36

state-dependent memory

Back 36

learning it drunk=remember it better if drunk

Front 37

mood-congruent

Back 37

EX: if something good happened in day, you see world thru rose-colorded glasses
if you're in a bad mood, it's easier to remember other bad memories.

Front 38

misinformation effect

Back 38

said "yield" sign or "stop" sign

Front 39

Flashbulb memories

Back 39

very vivid, EX: remembering 9/11

Front 40

suppression

Back 40

try to ignore things, consciously

Front 41

repression

Back 41

subconscious mind hides info

Front 42

long-term potentiation

Back 42

In C.C., the more and more pairing occurs the easier it is to remeber it

Front 43

Flinn effect

Back 43

we get smarter over time

Front 44

predictability

Back 44

test predicts what it's supposed to

Front 45

Validity vs. reliability

Back 45

reliability is accuracy (repeated results are the same)
Validity - if it measures what it claims to

Front 46

What's different with animal language

Back 46

not as extensive or vocalized. Communicate with symbols

Front 47

What are some possible reasons for group differences in intelligence?

Back 47

stereotype threat
SES
test bias

Front 48

What did Bandura study?

Back 48

Bobo dolls and aggression

Front 49

Garcia & Koelings rat & radiation study?

Back 49

learned aversion (time between CS could be long)

Front 50

Godden & Braddley's underwater research?

Back 50

context effect.

Front 51

Noam chomsky thoughts on learning language?

Back 51

He thought we all had something build in that helped us learn language. Not skinner's idea of reinforcement

Front 52

Skinner's studies

Back 52

Operant Conditioning
punishment or reinforcement

Front 53

concept

Back 53

mental grouping of similar objects events or people

Front 54

prototypes

Back 54

mental image or best example of category (quick and easy method for sorting)

Front 55

insight

Back 55

sudden and often novel realization to problem (Aw shit that's what 2+2 is)

Front 56

mental set

Back 56

tendency to approach problem in same way as usual
Ex: eating a taco in front instead of middle

Front 57

ἕκαστος, -ή, -ον

Back 57

each

Front 58

functional fixedness

Back 58

EX: dime used to unlock something instead of using as money
think of things only in usual functions

Front 59

confirmation bias

Back 59

EX: #s 2,4,6 and find rule (was any ascending #)
tendency to look for info that supports your answer

Front 60

Linguistic determinism

Back 60

EX: Inuit have 9 words for snow
Whorf's hypothesis that that language determnnes way we think.(this is crap)

Front 61

Watson and Raynor little albert experiment found what?

Back 61

reason for phobias with C.C.

Front 62

Spearman's notion of general intelligence (g)

Back 62

people have special abilities that stand out
he thinks intelligence is all one thing (as opposed to Gardner's 8)

Front 63

Morpheme

Back 63

Auto (auto+mobile)
smallest part of word (suffix or prefix)

Front 64

Phoneme

Back 64

what makes up morpheme
EX: to say bat, we'd use phonemes b,a,t

Front 65

predictive validity

Back 65

success when a test predicts behavior it's designed to predict

Front 66

standardization

Back 66

EX: when you take a test, following test your score is compared with sample
defining meaningful sources

Front 67

framing

Back 67

Ex:advertisers use it. 90% lean vs. 10% fat
the way an issue is posed

Front 68

emotional intelligence

Back 68

EX: Michael Scott does not have this
ability to perceive and understand emotions

Front 69

heritability

Back 69

EX: my grandma has disease i could get it
the proportion of variation we can attribute to genes

Front 70

Chitling test

Back 70

test bias (blacks)

Front 71

emotional intelligence

Back 71

EX: Michael Scott does not have this
ability to perceive and understand emotions

Front 72

heritability

Back 72

EX: my grandma has disease i could get it
the proportion of variation we can attribute to genes

Front 73

Chitling test

Back 73

test bias (blacks)

Front 74

source amnesia

Back 74

Mixing with what you heard/read about to what really happened

attributing to the wrong source of event

Front 75

SQ3R

Back 75

survey question red rehearse review