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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is personality? |
Individuals pattern of thought, emotion, behavior, and psychological mechanisms hidden or not behind these patterns |
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Personality Systems Set |
Organization of personality, psychological and behavioral energy Emotion and motivation provides energy. Energy put towards dealing with situations, making decisions, and interacting with the world |
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Meta-analyses |
Quantitative review article with primary empirical journal articles A researcher looks across studies to see what the average effect is |
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Ecological Fallacy |
Interpretation of statistical data Inferences for an individual are deduced from an inference of the group that the individual belongs to |
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Starting From a Theory |
Eyenscks Big Two Believed traits were dimensional 4 types = 2 dimensions
Questioned the 4 humor model, created personalities similar to the humors
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Starting From the World |
Cattell and 16pf |
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The Big Three |
Also Eynseck
The Big Two plus psychoticosm
Thought the Big Two didn't account for mental illness
Psychoticosm: a lack of concern for others |
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16pf |
Cattell found 16 personality factors from factor analysis
Trait rating were obtained in a range if ages and places
Unparsimonious and replaced by the Big Five |
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Circumplex Models |
Attempt to define a full range of personality using 2 factors Cartesian space Ex: Interpersonal Circumplex Model Dominant-suvmissive, love-hate |
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Stability and Plasticity |
Some argue that the Big Five is really the Big Two Explained by stability and Plasticity Stability: A N C Plasticity: E and O |
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HEXACO |
What is missing from the Big Five? Honesty and humility the Big Five plus honesty - humility Second most popular used model |
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Accuracy |
What is a good personality perception? How close is a judgment to someone's true personality? Accuracy in the lens model is to the extent that one utilizes valid cues |
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Consensus |
What does good personality perception mean? How much do judges agree with each other on another's personality? J.Kjow much judgers agree with each other |
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Zero acquaintance |
Personality judgement:first impressions Low accuracy and consensus (aside from extroversion and conscientiousness)Offices vs. Bedrooms conscientiousness) conscientiousness)Offices vs. Bedrooms Offices vs. Bedrooms |
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Bedrooms and offices |
Judging others when they are not there Offices: agreeabaless and neuroticism low on accuracy and consensus Bedrooms: overall high in accuracy, consensus still low on agreeabaless and neuroticism Bedrooms have more cues |
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Eysenck's Lemon Juice Theory |
Cortical arousal and extraversion Introverts are more responsive to stimuli Questionnaire for intoversion/extraversion Introverts salivate more This is about optimal level of arousal to function best |
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Openness and Intelligence |
Strong correlation between openness and emotional recognition and Intelligence But openness is not intelligence Openness is more like curiosity |
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Agreeableness and Placebos |
Gentle, good natured, forgiving, and kind people But placebo effect is growing stronger We believe more in medicines because of advancements in technology |
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Do Nice Guys finish Last? |
Nice=agreeableness Men who are more agreeable make less income Chang is less for women Man who is unagreeabale=leader Woman who is unagreeabale=rude |
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Neuroticism as an evolved Survival mechanism |
Neuroticism isn't all bad Vigilant apprehensiveness Digits, anger, fear to survive |
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Emotion regulation |
Control emotions in 2 ways By changing the way you frame the situation Positive outcomes Or by not expressing emotions Suppression Negative outcomes |
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Emotions and the Big Five |
Extroverted=positive emotions Neuroticism=negative emotions Specific emotions related to specific factors |
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Emotions circumplex |
Define a full range of personality using 2 factors Positive and negative, unaroused and aroused |
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DPES |
Dispositional positive emotion scale Measures joy, contentment, pride, love, amusements and awe |
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Happiness and Intentional Activities |
Happiness can come from what we chose to do on a daily basis Express gratitude Be optimistic Practice acts of kindness |
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Procrastination and The Big Five |
Conscientiousness has strongest negative correlation with procrastination Neuroticism has the strongest positive correlation Coping with procrastination |
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Motivation |
Motivation is for a long term big goal Short term sacrifices will help us reach goal through motivation |
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Amotivation, Intrinsic, Extrinsic |
Amotivation is in the middle of the spectrum "I don't care" In: pleasure, fun (no reward) Ex: following rules Avoiding punishment |
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Self-determination theory |
More autonomy= doing things that are good for you long term Autonomy=Control over behavior Competence: skills and abilities Relatrdnrss: sense of connection with the world |
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Big Three Motives |
McClelland asks What motivates people? Need for achievement, need for power? And need for intimacy |
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Implicit measures |
Indirect measurement McClellands TAT test Pictures and paintings Ambiguous Interpretation reflects our underlying motivations
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