Psych Midterm

Front 1

NEUROGENESIS

Back 1

formation of new neurons

Front 2

MEDULLA & MIDBRAIN

Back 2

part of the brainstem.

M - base of brainstem, controls heartbeat and breathing

MB - on brainstem, relays auditory and visual info

Front 3

HYPOTHALAMUS & PITUITARY GLAND

Back 3

parts of limbic system.

H - sits below thalamus. maintenance activities (eating, drinking, body temp), helps govern endocrine system via pituitary, linked to emotion and reward

PG - endocrine master, sends growth hormones

Front 4

ASSOCIATION AREAS

Back 4

areas of cerebral cortex that are not involved in sensory or motor cortex functions, higher mental functions (learning, remembering, thinking, speaking)

EX: Wernicke's area (language development), Broca's area (speech)

Front 5

THALAMUS

Back 5

brain's sensory switchboard, located on top of brainstem.

directs messages to sensory receiving areas and transmits replies to the cerebellum and medulla

Front 6

RETICULAR FORMATION & PONS

Back 6

part of brainstem

RF - travels throughout brainstem, important role in controlling arousal

P - above medulla, connects upper and lower brain, associated with dreams and sending messages

Front 7

CEREBELLUM

Back 7

the "little brain" at rear of brain stem.

functions include processing sensory inputs and coordinating movement output and balance.

Front 8

AMYGDALA & HIPPOCAMPUS

Back 8

part of limbic system.

A - linked to emotion

H - associated with memory and spacial navigation

Front 9

SENSORY CORTEX

Back 9

front of parietal lobes. registers and processes body touch and movement sensations

Front 10

MOTOR CORTEX

Back 10

rear of frontal lobes. controls voluntary movements

Front 11

TEMPORAL LOBES

Back 11

part of cerebral cortex above ears. auditory input

Front 12

PARIETAL LOBES

Back 12

part of cerebral cortex, top of head toward rear, receives sensory input for touch and body position

Front 13

DENDRITES

Back 13

neuron's bushy branches that receive messages and conduct impulses

Front 14

NEURON

Back 14

nerve cell. basic building block of nervous system.

Front 15

MANIFEST CONTENT & LATENT CONTENT

Back 15

MC - remembered portion of dream

LC - underlying meaning of a dream

FREUD

Front 16

ALPHA WAVES

Back 16

slow brain waves of relaxed, but awake state

associated with REM sleep

Front 17

DELTA WAVES

Back 17

large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep

Front 18

CHANGE BLINDNESS

Back 18

failing to notice changes in the environment

Front 19

INATTENTIONAL BLINDNESS

Back 19

failing to see visible objects when attention is directed elsewhere

Front 20

CORPUS CALLOSUM

Back 20

large band of neural fibres connected two brain hemispheres and carries messages between them

Front 21

OCCIPTIAL LOBES

Back 21

part of cerebral cortex, back of the bead. receive visual input

Front 22

PITUITARY GLAND

Back 22

endocrine system's influential gland under influence of hypothalamus. regulates growth hormones

Front 23

BRAINSTEM

Back 23

oldest and central core of brain. responsible for automatic survival functions

PONS, MEDULLA, MIDBRAIN, RETICULAR FORMATION

Front 24

ADRENAL GLANDS

Back 24

endocrine system, above kidneys. secrete hormones that help arouse body in times of stress

Front 25

HORMONES

Back 25

chemical messengers manufactured by the endocrine system, hormones secrete into the bloodstream.

Front 26

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

Back 26

the slower chemical communication system, lingering

secretes hormones through bloodstream

Front 27

PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

Back 27

part of autonomic nervous system, calms body

"rest and digest"

Front 28

SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

Back 28

part of autonomic nervous system, arouses body

"fight or flight"

Front 29

AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

Back 29

controls glands and muscles of internal organs; ie the heart

part of peripheral nervous system (involuntary)

Front 30

SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

Back 30

part of peripheral nervous system

controls skeletal movement (voluntary)

Front 31

INTERNEURONS

Back 31

neurons within brain and spinal cord that communicate internally

Front 32

MOTOR NEURONS

Back 32

carry outgoing info from brain and spinal cord

Front 33

SENSORY NEURONS

Back 33

carry incoming info from brain and spinal cord

Front 34

NERVES

Back 34

bundled axons, connects CNS with muscles and sense organs

Front 35

PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

Back 35

sensory and motor neurons, connect CNS to body

Front 36

CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

Back 36

brain and spinal cord

Front 37

NERVOUS SYSTEM

Back 37

speedy electrochemical communication network

Front 38

ENDORPHINS

Back 38

natural happy neurotransmitters, linked to pain control and pleasure

Front 39

REUPTAKE

Back 39

neurotransmitters resabsorbtion by the sending neurons

Front 40

NEUROTRANSMITTERS

Back 40

chemical messengers that cross synaptic gap between neurons

Front 41

SYNAPSE

Back 41

space between neurons

Front 42

THRESHOLD

Back 42

level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse

Front 43

ACTION POTENTIAL

Back 43

neural impulse, brief chemical charge that travels down an axon

Front 44

MYELIN SHEATH

Back 44

protective fatty tissue encasing axons, enables greater transmission speed

Front 45

AXON

Back 45

neuron extension that passes messages through its branches to other neurons or muscles/glands

Front 46

FRONTAL LOBES

Back 46

part of cerebral cortex. before forehead, involved in speaking/muscle movement, and in making plans and judgements

Front 47

CEREBRAL CORTEX

Back 47

covers cerebral hemispheres, ultimate control and information processing centre

Front 48

LIBMIC SYSTEM

Back 48

neural system located below cerebral cortex, associated w/ emotions and drives.

HIPPOCAMPUS. AMYGDALA, HYPOTHALAMUS

Front 49

HINDSIGHT BIAS

Back 49

the tendency tobelieve, after learning an outcome,that one would have foreseen it.

Front 50

NATURALISTIC OBSERVATION

Back 50

observingand recording behaviour in naturallyoccurring situations without trying tomanipulate and control the situation.

Front 51

DUAL PROCESSING

Back 51

info is processed on conscious and unconcsious tracks

Front 52

BLINDSIGHT

Back 52

when someone who can see can see

Front 53

SELECTIVE ATTENTION

Back 53

focusing on one thing

Front 54

CIRCADIAN RYTHM

Back 54

biological clock of body, 24 hour sleep cycle

Front 55

REM SLEEP

Back 55

rapid eye movement, when dreams occur, lightest sleep

Front 56

REM REBOUND

Back 56

tendency for REMsleep to increase following REM sleepdeprivation

Front 57

DISSOCIATION

Back 57

a split in conscious-ness, which allows some thoughts andbehaviors to occur simultaneously withothers

Front 58

PSYCHOACTIVE DRUG

Back 58

alters mood and perception

Front 59

BARBITUATES

Back 59

depressant, reduce anxiety but impair judgement and memory

Front 60

OPIATES

Back 60

depressant, temporarily lessen pain and anxiety

ie; heroin, morphine

Front 61

STIMULANTS

Back 61

excite neural activity

ie; coffee, nicotine, ecstacy

Front 62

AMPHETAMINES

Back 62

stimulate neural activity, speeding up body functions, energy and mood changes

ie; meth

Front 63

TEMPERAMENT

Back 63

a person’s characteris-tic emotional reactivity and intensity

Front 64

HERITABILITY

Back 64

variation among individuals associated with genes

Front 65

EPIGENETICS

Back 65

the study of influenceson gene expression that occur withouta DNA change.

Front 66

INTERACTION

Back 66

the interplay that occurswhen the effect of one factor (suchas environment) depends on anotherfactor (such as heredity)

Front 67

INDIVIDUALISM

Back 67

priority to one's own goals as opposed to a group's goals

ie; western

Front 68

COLLECTIVISM

Back 68

priority to group's goals as opposed to one's own goals

ie; south korea

Front 69

SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY

Back 69

theorythat we learn social behavior byobserving and imitating and by beingrewarded or punished

Front 70

GENDER TYPING

Back 70

acquisition of atraditional masculine or feminine role

Front 71

DNA

Back 71

complex molecule containing thegenetic information that makes up thechromosomes

Front 72

CHROMOSOMES

Back 72

threadlike structuresmade of DNA molecules that containthe genes

Front 73

GENES

Back 73

biochemical units of heredity that make up the chromosomes; asegment of DNA capable of synthesizing a protein

Front 74

GENOME

Back 74

complete instructions formaking an organism, consisting of allthe genetic material in that organism’schromosomes