Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
81 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Which Piaget's stages? When asked what the saying "You can lead a horse to water, but you can't make him drink" means, Patrice said that it meant that you can provide someone with an oppurtunity, but it doesn't necessarily mean that they will take advantage of it. |
Formal Operational |
|
|
Which Piaget's Stage: Twin brothers go "trick or treating" one Halloween. The went to the same houses and got exactly the same candy at each house. Yet by the time the evening was over, Reggie was very upset. Because his bag was bigger than his brother's, it didn't seem to him that he had as much candy. |
preopertional |
|
|
Which Piaget's stage: Andrea and her younger sister were playing with the coins their grandmother had given each of them during a recent visit. While they were playing, Andrea proposed a trade. She would give her little sister a big coin(a nickle) in exchange for a little coin(a dime). Her sister agreed just as Andrea thought she would. She was pretty sure that her sister didn't understand that a dime was worth more than a nickle |
Concrete Opertional |
|
|
Which Piaget's Stage: While watching television with his dad, Bryce kept trying to grab the remote control. Finally,his dad hid the remote control behind his back. That didn't seem to bother Bryce a bit, he just started reaching for the family cat. |
Sesorimotor |
|
|
Which Piaget's Stage: When Duane headed out on his "big expedition," he wasn't worried about getting lost. He knew that he would just have to go back the same way he had come. |
Concrete Operational Stage |
|
|
Which Piaget's Stage: A tornado had touched down just up the road from Jennifer's house. Luckily no one was hurt, but a couple of homes were heavily damaged. The storm left quite an impression on Jennifer. She kept asking her mother why the storm had to be so mean. |
Preoperational Stage |
|
|
Which Piaget's Stage: Donna's new hair style was not all that she anticipated. She felt ugly and she didn't want to go to school. Her mother tried to convince her that it would be alright and that her friends would understand. It didn't help. Donna, in tears, said that her mother couldn't possibly understand how she felt then she slammed her bedroom door. |
Forma Operational |
|
|
WHich title is least likely be a topic of a researcher who studies health psychology? a.)"Improving employee motivation and job performance." b.)"Factors influencing men's decisions to perform testicular examinations" c.)"Why American's continue to smoke" d.)"How to encourage your children to exercise" |
a.)"Improving employee motivation and job performance." |
|
|
Which individuals is experience a stressor that falls in the life changes and strains category? a.)Ross,whose wife just had a baby b.)Rachel,who was just in a car accident c.)Monica,who spends two hours in traffic each day on her way to work. d.)Chandler,who has to deal with an unfriendly co-worker everyday |
a.)Ross,whose wife just had a baby |
|
|
All of the following are behavioral stress responses except___. a.)strained facial expression b.)aggression c.)catastophizing d.)alcohol abuse |
c.)catastrophizing |
|
|
Which of the following is best classified as an emotional stress respons? a.)ruminative thinking and a narrow scope of attention b.)feelings of anxiety and depression c.)trembling hands and a shaky voice d.)increased heart rate and perspiration |
b.)feelings of anxiety and depression |
|
|
Corbin recently found out that he has cancer,and he now strictly follows a treatment,diet,and exercise program that the doctor think will be helpful in keeping the cancer from spreading.These behaviors best illustrate _____ coping |
problem focus |
|
|
Harry,a hard-working executive in a major corporation,is under a tremendous amount of stress. Which would be the healthiest way to deal with his stress? a.)having five drinks after work b.)jogging after work c.)smoking during his breaks d.)yelling at his kids when he gets home |
b.)jogging after work |
|
|
Liz is observing her friend Betty tensing her muscles for a few seconds and then releasing that tension. Betty has just done this for her hands,arms,legs,feet,and abdomen.Liz thinks Betty has gone crazy. However,Betty is most likely engaging in_______ |
progressive muscle relaxation |
|
|
Stone has just received the oppurtunity to advance to assistant manager at the car wash. He really want the extra pay and the additional experience, but unfortunately,the only slot available for this new postion is nights (midnight-8:00am). What type of conflict is Stone facing? |
approach-avoidance conflict |
|
|
The fact that some people like roller coaster and others scary amusement park rides has been cited as evidence for the _____theory of motivation. |
optimal arousal |
|
|
Evolutionary theories of motivation are modern outgrowths of theories based on _____. |
the instinct doctrine |
|
|
The value of incentives can be affected by____,____,and ____ factors. |
physiological;cognitive;social |
|
|
People may eat when they are "full"; suggesting that eating is not controlled by____alone. |
hunger |
|
|
People who binge and purge have an eating disorder called____.Those who only binge have a disorder called_____. |
bulimia;binge eating disorder |
|
|
The best strategy for lasting weight loss includes regular____,as well as improved eating habits. |
exercise |
|
|
Research showing that there are pleasure centers in the brain has been cited in support of the _____theory of emotions |
Cannon-Bard |
|
|
The use of polygraphs in lie detection is based on the _____theory of emotions. |
James-Lange |
|
|
The process of attribution is most important to___theories of emotions. |
cognitive |
|
|
Research in cognitive development suggests that children form mental representations____than Piaget thought they did. |
earlier |
|
|
Recognizing that changing the shape of clay doesn't change amount of clay is evidence of a cognitive ablility called_______ |
conservation |
|
|
The appearance of object permanence signals the end of the_____period |
sensorimotor |
|
|
As part of their social developement, children learn_____,which tell them what patterns of appearance and behavior are associated with being male or female. |
gender roles |
|
|
Teaching children to talk quietly in a restaurant is part of the process called ____ |
socialization |
|
|
Strict rules and the threat of punishment are typical of____parenting |
authoritarian |
|
|
The greatest threat to cognitive abilities in late adulthood is____. |
Alzheimer's |
|
|
Adolescents'______identity may be more defining than their national citizenship. |
ethnic |
|
|
Not stealing because "I might get caught" reflects the____stage of moral reasoning. |
(preconventional) |
|
|
The friends and family we can depend on to help us deal with stressors are called our___network |
social support |
|
|
Fantasizing about winning money is a(n)______-focused way of coping with financial stress. |
emotion |
|
|
Sudden,extreme stressors may cause psychological and behavioral problems known as____. |
posttraumatic stress disorder |
|
|
Catastrophizing thoughts are best overcome throught_____coping strategies |
cognitive |
|
|
The first step in coping with stress is to____the sources and effects of your stressors. |
identify |
|
|
True or False:It is best to rely on only one good coping strategy. |
False |
|
|
Tests that measure the five-factor model's dimensions of personality are based on the____approach to personality |
Trait |
|
|
The role of learning is most prominent in the____approach to personality |
social-cognitive |
|
|
Object relations and attachment theories are modern variants on_____personality theories |
psychodynamic |
|
|
Projective personality measures are based on the____approach to personality. |
psychodynamic |
|
|
The NEO-PI-3 and the MMPI-2_RF are examples of___tests. |
nonprojective |
|
|
Most personality researchers use____tests in their work. |
nonprojective |
|
|
Although most researchers do not believe in instinct theories of motivation, psychologists who advocate_____theory argue that many aspects of human behavior are motivated by efforts to pass on our genes to the next generation. |
evolutionary |
|
|
Steve is cold,so he turns up the thermostat in his house.As soon as it starts to get too warm,the thermostat shuts off the furnance.This process is similar to the biological concept of______ |
homeostasis |
|
|
Lisbeth and Harriet work as instructors in an exercise class.After class, Lisbeth prefers to go home and read quietly, whereas Harriet is ready to party.Which theory of motivation best explains the difference between these two women? |
arousal |
|
|
Monica wants her daughter to get high grades,so she offers her $10 for each A that she earns and $5 for each B.Monica appears to believe in the ____theory of motivation |
incentive |
|
|
Ronia is on a diet--again! she is most likely to eat less food if she______ a.)eats only with friends,never alone b.)eats only one or two kinds of foods each meal c.)changes her food culture d.)focuses on when she eats |
b.)eats only one or two kinds of foods each meal |
|
|
Dr.Stefan is working in the emergency room when a very dehydrated young woman comes in.She is of normal weight, but a medical exam reveals nutritional imbalance and intestinal damage. The woman is most likely suffering from____ a.)anorexia nervosa b.)bulima c.)binge eating disorder d.)ventromedial disorder |
b.)bulima |
|
|
According to the Thinking Critically section of this chapter,sexual orientation is most likely influenced by______ a.)prenatal hormones b.)genetic factors c.)sociocultural learning d.)all of the above |
d.)all of the above |
|
|
Edwina wants her son, Egbert, to develop high achievement motivation and to be succesful in life. According to research on the need for achievement,Edwina should do all of the following except________. a.)encourage Egbert to try difficult tasks. b.)encourage Egbert to avoid failure at all costs c.)give praise and rewards for success d.)read achievement-oriented stories to him. |
b.)encourage Egbert to avoid failure at all costs |
|
|
Liang wants his employees to work hard.As a psychologist specializing in motivation you tell Liang that the best way to increase employees performance is to_____. |
remind them regularly to do better |
|
|
According to Maslow,which of following would you most likely do first if you were shipwrecked on a desert island? a.)Look for food and fresh water b.)Look for shelter c.)Start keeping a diary d.)build a fire |
a.)Look for food and fresh water |
|
|
Jill would like to send her son to an expensive private school,but this would create a finacial hardship for her.Jill is faced with a(n)_____motivational conflict. |
approach-avoidance |
|
|
Which of the following is not a characteristic associated with emotions?They____ a.)tend to last a relatively short time b.)can be triggered by thoughts c.)are always intense d.)can motivate behavior |
c.)are always intense |
|
|
When people are afraid to do something,they are said to have "cold feet". The fact that fear is associated with decreased blood flow to the feet and hands supports the ____ theory of emotion |
James's peripheral |
|
|
After she finished a vigourous workout,Lydia saw Thaddeus walking into the gym and instantly fell in love . This is an example of_____, which is consistent with____theory of emotion. |
excitation transfer, Schachter's |
|
|
When Yatsira saw someone trying to open her car dar while she stopped at a light, her heart raced and at the exact same time she felt fear. This is most consistent with ______theory of emotion |
Cannon's |
|
|
As Jarod got older,her learned that he could not express his anger by throwin his toys. Jarrod is learning______. |
his emotion culture |
|
|
Suppose that some friendly space alien landed in your backyard. They tell you they want to learn how to communicate their emotions to humans will understand them. What should you focus on teaching them? |
facial movements |
|
|
Sam is unsure how to react to a comment from one of his friends, so he glances at his girlfriend, Diane,to see what her reaction is. In doing so, he is using ______. |
social referencing |
|
|
When she became pregant,Alyse was advised to quit smoking,but she didn't as a result her baby is more likely to be born_____. |
underweight |
|
|
When Tyrone was a newborn,his parent brought him home from the hospital and always laid him on his back, especially at night. As Tyrone grew,he began to roll over,sit up,pull himself up on furniture, and walk. He skipped the crawling stage.Tyrone's physical development is the result of_____ |
maturation and enviromental influences |
|
|
Keshawn is one month old. He is most likely to look longest at_______. a.)a nearby human face b.)small figures on the wallpaper c.)a ribbon hanging above his crib d.)colurful figures |
a.)a nearby human face |
|
|
At six months of age, Jacob still demonstrates grasping and rooting reflexes, This could signal that Jacob |
has a problem with nervous system development |
|
|
When two-year-old Jesse sees a scuba diver emerge on the beach,he says "Big fish!" According to Piaget, Jesse used______ to try to understand the new stimulus of a scuba diver |
accomodation |
|
|
Adriana is crying because her teddy bear,Boyd, has fallen off the table and landed face down. She insists that her mother put a handage on Boyd's nose. According to Piaget's theory, Adriana is most likely in the stage of_____cognitive developement. |
concrete operational |
|
|
Renee Baillargeon's research focused on infants' understanding about the mental states of other people and how those states affect behavior, Baillargeon found that infants. |
do not yet have a "theory of mind" and thus are unable to anticipate what others might do. |
|
|
According to research on informaiton processing and memory,when you try to recall your first birthday, you are likely to a.)recall a general schema of "birthday" as well as details about your first one b.)unable to recall anything about your first birthday due to infantile amnesia c.)recall information about your first birthday if you are shown pictures taken of yourself that day. d.)recall information about your first birthday if you hear a tape recording of your party. d |
d.)recall information about the birthday if you hear a tape recording of your party |
|
|
Tara is a difficult baby. She is irritable, sleeps at irregular intervals, and cries at unpredictable times. According to research on temperament, cmopared to babies with other termpeaments, Tara will be more likely to a.)outgrow her difficult temperament and become and easier child b.)remain difficult in childhood and may display aggressiveness c.)develop a dependent relationship with her parents d.)become independent and especially successful in school. |
b.)remain difficult in childhood and may display aggressiveness |
|
|
Harlow's research with infant monkeys and artficial mothers demontrated that |
the monkeys became attached to the "mothers" that provided contact comfort |
|
|
When young Habib's mother drops him off at the day care center, he always cries when she leaves. When his mother returns and lifts him up, Habib tries to squirm away. Habib is demonstrating a(n)______attachement to his mother. |
ambivalent insecure |
|
|
Sam and Alex are both age sixteen and want to dive to a rock concert in a big city that is five hours away. Sam's parents explain that it is too dangerous for him to drive all that distance and be in a major city without an adult. Alex's parent's tell him to drive their car and stay in the city overnight if he wishes. According to Baumrind's research, Sam's parent are displaying a(n)______style of parenting,where as Alex's parent's are displaying a(n)_____style |
authoritative;permissive |
|
|
Five-year-old Peng has a new preschool teacher who wants to get to know him, so she asks him "tell me about yourself." Peng is most likely to say a.)I am Asian b.)I am Tommy's friend. c.)I am the fastest runner in class. d.)I play basketball |
d.)I play basketball |
|
|
Ludmilla recently graduated from high school but can't decide whether to attend a local community college or work full time. She doesn't know what career she would like to pursue, and is also uncertain whether she should stay with her current boyfriend. According to Erikson, Ludmilla is most likely experience the psychosocial crisis characterized by_______ |
idenitiy vs role confusion |
|
|
Louise is sixteen and having a difficult time with adolescence. She became sexually active two years ago and doesn't worry about using condoms or other safe sex practices. Louise is most likely to. a.)hold convention attitudes and values and feel ashamed of herself b.)avoid smoking and drinking alcohol c.)have average or better grades at school d.)have parents who are not highly educated |
d.)have parents who are not highly educated |
|
|
In the past ten years Vernon has gained weight,especially around the middle. He also now needs glasses. If he is typical of most people his age, Vern has most likely reached_______ |
c.)middle adulthood |
|
|
Jeanine and Helen are in a drugstore when Jeanine suggests that they steal some candy. Helen says that they should not steal the candy because they might get caught and put into jail. According to Kohlberg's theory, Helen is at the ____ stage of moral reasoning. |
preconventional |
|
|
Patrice is eight years old and has recently been unable to understand what she reads. She can't make sense of her checkbook, even though she was once an expert accountant. Her health is deteriorating, and her strength is waning. Patrice is most likely experiencing__________. a.)cognitive dissonance b.)terminal drop c.)crisis of initiative versus guilt d.)androgyny |
b.)terminal drop |
