Psych Chapter 3

Front 1

Germinal Period

Back 1

the period of prenatal development that takes place in the first two weeks after conception

Front 2

This period consists of the fertilized egg, cell division and the attachment of the zygote to the uterine wall

Back 2

Germinal Period

Front 3

Zygote

Back 3

fertilized egg

Front 4

What are the three Prenatal periods?

Back 4

Germinal, Embryonic, Fetal

Front 5

Group of cells during the germinal period that will eventually develop into the embryo (nner layer of cells)

Back 5

Blastocyst

Front 6

Group of cells that will eventually provide nutrution and support for the embryo (outer layer of cells)

Back 6

Trophoblast

Front 7

Implantation

Back 7

the attachment of the zygote to the uterine wall (11-15 days after conception)

Front 8

Embryonic Period

Back 8

The rate of cell differentiation intensifies, support systems for cells form, and organs appear

Front 9

What period is 2-8 weeks after conception?

Back 9

Embryonic Period

Front 10

What period takes place in the first two weeks after conception?

Back 10

Germinal Period

Front 11

As the blastocyst attaches to the uterine wall what period begins and what mass of cells is formed?

Back 11

The embryonic period and the embryo is formed

Front 12

Embryo's three layers

Back 12

Endoerm, Mesoderm and Ectoderm

Front 13

Endoderm

Back 13

inner layer of cells, develops into the digestion and respiratory systems

Front 14

Mesoderm

Back 14

middle layer of cells, becomes the circulatory system, bones, muscles, excertory system, and reproductive system

Front 15

Ectoderm

Back 15

outermost layer, becomes the nervous system, brain, sensory receptos (ears, nose, eyes) and skin parts (hair and nails)

Front 16

Three life-support systems for the embryo

Back 16

amnion, umbilical cord, and placenta

Front 17

Amnion

Back 17

like a bag or an envelop and contains a clear fluid in which the developing embryo floats

Front 18

True/False:

The amniotic fluid provides an environment that is temperature and humidity controlled as well as shockproof

Back 18

True

Front 19

Umbilical cord

Back 19

contains two arteries and one vein, and connects the baby to the placenta

Front 20

Placenta

Back 20

disk-shaped group of tissues in which small blood vesses from the mother and the offspring intertwine but do not join

Front 21

Organogenesis

Back 21

process of organ formation during the first two months of prenatal development

Front 22

What period is between two months after conception and birth

Back 22

Fetal Period

Front 23

Fetal Period

Back 23

Throughout a period of seven months the fetus becomes active and body parts, stuctures all start to form

Front 24

Germinal period is in what trimester?

Back 24

first

Front 25

Embroyonic period is in what trimester?

Back 25

first

Front 26

Fetal period is in what trimester?

Back 26

the end of the first an continues through the second and third

Front 27

Viability

Back 27

chances of surviving outside the womb (happens in the end of the 2nd trimester)

Front 28

The third trimester of prenatal development and the first two years of postnatal life are characterized by what?

Back 28

connectivity and functioning of neurons

Front 29

Neurons

Back 29

nerve cells which handle information processing at the cellular level in the brain

Front 30

Taking adequate amounts of vitamin B folic acid helps prevent what?

Back 30

neural tube defects

Front 31

Neurogenesis

Back 31

the generation of new neurons

Front 32

Neuronal migration

Back 32

involves cells moving outward from their point of origin to their appropriate locations and creating the different levels, structures, and regions of the brain

Front 33

Teratogen

Back 33

any agent that can potentially cause a birth defect or negatively alter cognitive and behavioral outcomes

Front 34

What comes from the Greek word meaning Monster?

Back 34

Teratogen "tera"

Front 35

Drugs, incompatible blood types, environmental pollutants, infectious diseases, nutritional deficiencies, maternal stress, advanced maternal and paternal age, ect. These are examples of what?

Back 35

Teratogens

Front 36

Fetal Alcohol spectrum disorders

Back 36

a cluster of abnormalities and problems that appear in the offspring of mothers who drink alcohol heavily during pregnancy

Front 37

True/False:

After organogenesis is complete teratogens are less likely to cause anatomicl defects.

Back 37

True

Front 38

How many stages of birth are there?

Back 38

three, first being the longest

Front 39

First Birth Stage

Back 39

6-12 hours

Front 40

What Birth Stage: Uterine contractions are 15-20 minutes apart

Back 40

First

Front 41

What Birth Stage: Womens cervix stretches and opens

Back 41

First

Front 42

What Birth Stage: Baby's head starts to move through cervix and birth canal

Back 42

Second

Front 43

How long is the second birth stage usually?

Back 43

45 minutes to an hour

Front 44

What Birth Stage: Baby's head starts to move through cervix and birth canal

Back 44

Second

Front 45

When the baby's head is out of the mothers body contractions come ____ and last ___

Back 45

every minute and last about a minute

Front 46

Afterbirth or third birth stage

Back 46

Placenta, umbilical cord and other membranes detach an expell

Front 47

The Afterbirth stage lasts how long?

Back 47

only minutes

Front 48

What is the longest birth stage?

Back 48

The first (6-12 hrs)

second is only 45 mins and the third is only minutes

Front 49

Doulas

Back 49

a caregiver who provides continuous

Front 50

Three kinds of Medications given for labor

Back 50

analgesia, anesthesia, and oxytocin

Front 51

Analgesia

Back 51

relieves pain

Front 52

Anesthesia

Back 52

used in late first stage of labor and during expulsion of baby to block sensation in an area of the body or to block consciousness

Front 53

Epidural block

Back 53

regional anesthesia that numbs the woman's body from the waist down

Front 54

Oxytocin

Back 54

synthetic hormone that is used to stimulate contractions

Front 55

Natural childbirth

Back 55

aims to reduce the mother's pain by decreasing her fear through education and teaching of breathing exercises

Front 56

Prepared childbirth

Back 56

includes special breathing techniques to control pusging in the final stage of labor as well as more detailed education about a&p

Front 57

Breech Position

Back 57

when babys butt is the first part to emerge from the vagina

Front 58

Cesarean Delivery

Back 58

baby is removed from the mother's uterus through an incision made in her abdomen

Front 59

Apgar Scale

Back 59

used to acess the health of newborns at one to five minutes after birth

Front 60

NBAS

Back 60

preformed 24-36 hours after birth, is an assessment scale to index neurological competence up to one month after birth

Front 61

NNNS

Back 61

assessment scale, provides a more comprehensive analysis of the newborns behavior

Front 62

Kangaroo Care

Back 62

Treatment for preterm infants that involves skin-to-skin contact