Psych Chapter 13- Social Psychology (492-517; 520-533)

Front 1

social psychology

Back 1

study of how people influence others' behavior, beliefs, and attitudes

Front 2

need to belong theory

Back 2

humans have a biologically based need for interpersonal connections

Front 3

social comparison theory

Back 3

we seek to evaluate our abilities and beliefs by comparing them with those of others

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mass hysteria

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outbreak of irrational behavior that is spread by social contagion

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evolutionary perspective on social behavior

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conformity, obedience, and many other forms of social influence become maladaptive only when they're blind or unquestioning

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social facilitation

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enhancement of performance brought about by presence of others

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upward and downward social comparison theory

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comparing ourselves to someone who is superior/ lesser to us in a certain way

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social contagion

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tendency to catch and feel emotions that are similar to and influenced by those of others

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fundamental attribution error

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tendency to overestimate impact of dispositional influences (traits, attitudes, and intelligence)on other people's behavior

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asch studies ( classical conditioning/

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75 percent conform to the wrong answer, conflict between perceptions and what they believed to be others' perception

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deindividuation

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tendency of people to engage in uncharacteristic behavior when they are stripped of their usual identities

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stanford prison study

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study if it is the environment of a prison, that shapes a person, or if it is simply the people within it

simulating guard/ prisoner roles and how they adjust to these

Front 13

groupthink

Back 13

emphasis on group unanimity at the expense of critical thinking

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group polarization

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tendency of group discussion to strengthen dominant positions held by individual group members

Front 15

inoculation effect

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approach to convincing people to change their minds about something by first, introducing reasons why the perspective might be correct and then debunking them

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stanley milligram study

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study, that watched video in comm about!
forcing somebody to "zap" another person without question

Front 17

pluralistic ignorance

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error of assuming that no one in a group perceives things as we do

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diffusion of responsibility

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reduction in feelings of personal responsibility in the presence of others

Front 19

social loafing

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phenomenon whereby individuals become less productive in group

Front 20

altruism

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helping others for unselfish reasons

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enlightenment effect

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learning about psychological research can change real world behavior for the better

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self monitoring

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personality trait that assesses extent to which people's behavior reflects their true feelings and attitudes

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cognitive dissonance

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unpleasant mental experience of tension resulting from two conflicting thoughts or beliefs

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self perception theory

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we acquire our attitudes by observing our behaviors

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impression management theory

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we don't really change our attitudes, but report that we do so our behaviors appear consistent with our attitudes

Front 26

foot in the door technique

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making a small request before making a big one

Front 27

door in the face technique

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involving making an unreasonably large request before making an unreasonably large request before making small one

Front 28

low ball technique

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seller of a product starts by quoting a low sales price, then after a deal has been agreed to, the seller mentions all of the additional add ons that go with the product which end up increasing the price

Front 29

scarcity heuristic

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something that's rare must be especially valuable

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consensus heuristic

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most people believe that something works=> it must work if EVERYONE thinks it

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ultimate attribution error

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assumption that behaviors among individual members of a group are due to their internal dispositions, where as they are most likely resulting from conformity

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adaptive conservatism

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evolutionary principle that creates a predisposition toward distrusting anything or anyone unfamiliar or different

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in- group bias

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tendency to favor individuals within our group over those from outside our group

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out-group homogeneity

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tendency to view all individuals outside our group as highly similar( everyone else outside of us are a bunch of frat douches)

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prejudice

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drawing negative conclusions about a person, group of people, or situation prior to evaluating the evidence

Front 36

scapegoat hypothesis

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claim that prejudice arises from a need to blame other groups for our misfortunes

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just world hypothesis

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claim that our attributions and behaviors are shaped by a deep seated assumption that the world is fair and all things happen for a reason

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explicit prejuideice

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unfounded negative belief of which we're aware regarding the characteristics of an out-group

Front 39

implicit prejudice

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unfounded negative belief of which we're unaware regarding the characteristics of an out-group

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a

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a