Psych Chapter 13

Front 1

social psychology

Back 1

study of how people think about, influence and relate to other people

Front 2

social cognition

Back 2

the study of how people use cognitive processes such as perception, memory thought and emotion to make sense of other people as well as themselves

Front 3

expectations of people

Back 3

first tend to be dominated to obvious physical factors

Front 4

social schema

Back 4

a general knowledge structure stored in long term memory that relates to social experiences or
people

ex-ragged appearance is associated with negative social characteristics

Front 5

stereotypes

Back 5

collections of beliefs and impressions held about a group and its members, commonly based on gender race and age

Front 6

self-fulfilling prophecy effect

Back 6

when our expectations about actions of another person actually lead that person to behave in the expected way

ex-parents who believe kids will illegally drink, their kids are more likely to drink

Front 7

in-group and out-group

Back 7

a group of individuals you belong to, and one that you don't belong to.

in-group tends to show prejudice or discrimination towards out-group

Front 8

personal/group discrimination discrepancy

Back 8

tendency for members of a group that experience discrimination to agree that discrimination against group as whole is significant but against them is relatively little

Front 9

auto-stereotyping

Back 9

a belief system about discrimination that is widely shared by group members
-suggested that possibly created by media portrayals

Front 10

meta-stereotyping

Back 10

a person's beliefs regarding the stereotype that out-group members hold about his or her own group

Front 11

attributions

Back 11

inference process we use to assign cause and effect to behavior

Front 12

covariation model of attribution

Back 12

some factor that accounts for a behavior change

look for consistency, distinctiveness and consensus that one thing causes the mood change

Front 13

external attribution

Back 13

attributing the cause of a person's behavior to an external even or situation in the environment

Front 14

internal attribution

Back 14

attributing the cause of a person's behavior to an internal personality characteristic

Front 15

fundamental attribution error

Back 15

causal attributions tend to overestimate influence of internal personal factors and underestimate the role of situations factors

ex-if someone is tailgating you, then you automatically assume he is just a jerk, don't think about situational factors

Front 16

actor-observer effect

Back 16

we tend to attribute our own behavior to external sources but the behavior of others to internal sources

Front 17

self-serving bias

Back 17

we tend to make internal attributions when our actions produce positive outcomes, external attributions when our actions produce negative outcomes

Front 18

attitude

Back 18

cognitive-knowledge about the object
affective-emotional feelings
behavioral-predisposition to act

attitudes do not always culminate in behavior

Front 19

observational learning

Back 19

we model significant others, and it shapes our attitudes and behaviors

Front 20

elaboration likelihood model

Back 20

central and peripheral routes to persuasion

-central is based on logic, carefully weighed arguments

-peripheral based on affective component, simple exposure is example

Front 21

cognitive dissonance

Back 21

festinger, and carlsmith
the tension produced when people act in a way that is inconsistent with their attitudes.

if your asked to say a really boring task was super fun for a dollar, you justify it and say "hey it wasn't so bad"

eat human poop from a mean experimenter, then you'll justify and say,"mmmm, i love eating human shit"

Front 22

self-perception theory

Back 22

Daryl Bem
people use observations of their own behavior as basis for inferring their internal beliefs.

-if i eat lots of poop then i must love poop

Front 23

social influence

Back 23

study of how the behavior and thoughts of individuals are affected by the presence of others

Front 24

social facilitation

Back 24

enhancement of performance when in presence of others

Front 25

social interference

Back 25

impairment of performance when in presence of others

Front 26

bystander effect

Back 26

reluctance to come to a persons aid when other people are present

Front 27

diffusion of responsibility

Back 27

idea that when people know or think other people are present we allow our sense of responsibility to diffuse, or spread out to those who are present

Front 28

social loafing

Back 28

people put out less effort when several people are supposed to be working on a task then when it's only them

Front 29

deindividuation

Back 29

we feel less accountable for our behavior when we are in a group setting

ex-you don't feel responsible for trashing a house when there are a bunch of people involved

Front 30

conformity

Back 30

tendency to go along with a group

Front 31

group polarization

Back 31

tendency for a groups dominant point of view to become stronger over time

Front 32

groupthink

Back 32

tendency for members of a group to become so interested in seeking a consensus of opinions that they start to ignore and suppress dissenting views

Front 33

obedience

Back 33

how people respond to an authority figure

Front 34

milgram's experiment

Back 34

65% of people gave life threatening shock

people more likely to comply if in a more official setting

Front 35

Langlois and Roggman

Back 35

people tend to find average representations of faces attractive

Front 36

reciprocity

Back 36

tendency to return feelings shown towards us

Front 37

ingratiations

Back 37

the attempt to get someone to like you for some ulterior motive

Front 38

Robert sternberg triangle of love

Back 38

intamacy, passion, and commitment

intimacy-confiding in others sharing feelings, -friends
passion-erotic attraction feeling "in love"
commitment-intention to remain in relationship