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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Social psychology |
The study of how people think about, influence, and relate to one another within the typical population |
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Altruism |
Unselfish regard for the welfare of others |
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Bystander apathy |
The presence of many people creates a sense of diffusion of responsibility - if others are present, someone else will do something Explained by pluralistic ignorance |
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Pluralistic ignorance |
People assume that others have different and better-informed opinions to help |
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When we might help others |
•Victim appears to need and deserve help •Victim is similar to us •Just observed helpful act •Not in a hurry or preoccupied •In a small town or rural area •Feel guilty •Good mood |
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How we form impressions |
•First impressions - primacy effect •Attributions •Stereotypes + prejudice |
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Social perceptions |
Mental processes that help us to collect and remember info about others and make inference and judgements based on that info |
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Internal attributions vs external |
Internal (Dispositional): •Explanationd based on individuals stable characteristics (attitude, personality, traits, abilities) •Something about person led to behavior External (Situational): •Explanations based on current situation (outside factors) External (Situational):•Explanations based on current situation (outside factors)•Something about situation led to behavior |
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Fundamental attribution error |
We make situational attributions for our own behaviors but dispositional for others' behavior Why? •More aware how out own behaviors varies •Perceive others as stable but not selves •Self-preservation |
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Self-serving bias |
Optimize perception of ourselves |
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Self-handicapped strategies |
Protect self-image by intentionally putting oneself at a disadvantage to provide excuse for expected failure |
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Prejudice vs. stereotype |
Prejudice: •Unfavorable attitude toward group based on stereotype •Always bad Stereotype: •Generalized belief or expectation about a group of people based on exaggerations •Sometimes correct & not always bad |
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Social Facilitation vs. Interference |
Social Facilitation: •Audience enhances performance •Well-learned tasks Social Interference: •Audience inhibits performance •New/difficult tasks |
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Social loafing |
Diminished effort within a group Why? Less accountable & dispensable |
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Group polarization |
Strengthening a group's tendencies after group discusses topic |
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Groupthink |
Desire for harmonious decision making outweighs a realistic appraisal of a decision - no one speaks up |
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Deindividuation |
An individual behaves differently in a group due to arousal or diminished responsibility |
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Conformity |
Adjusts thoughts or behaviors to coincide with a group's standards Why? •Sensitive to social norms •Acknowledgement of rules for accepted bahavior •Avoid rejection •Gain social approval |
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Obedience |
Compliance of a person due to perceived authority of asked - request is seen as demand |
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Milgram's study |
•Teacher commands subject to shock Confederate •Confederate fakes agony from mild to death •See how many subjects obey without question to highest voltage |
