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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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central nervous system (CNS) |
brain and spinal cord |
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spinal cord |
nerves that run up and down the length of the back and transmit most messages between the body and brain |
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peripheral nervous system (PNS) |
nerves branching beyond the spinal cord into the body |
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neurons |
the long, thin cells of nerve tissue along which messages travel to and from the brain |
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neurotransmitters |
the chemicals released by neurons, which determine the rate at which other neurons fire |
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somatic nervous system (SNS) |
the part of the peripheral nervous system that controls voluntary movement of skeletal muscles |
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autonomic nervous system (ANS) |
the part of the peripheral nervous system that controls internal biological functions |
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hindbrain |
a part of the brain located at the rear base of the skull that is involved in the basic process of life |
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midbrain |
a small part of the brain above the pons that arouses the brain, integrates sensory information, and relays it upward |
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forebrain |
part of the brain that covers the brain's central core, responsible for sensory and motor control and the processing of thinking and language |
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lobes |
the different regions into which the cerebral cortex is divided |
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electroencephalograph (EEG) |
a machine used to record the electrical activity of large portions of the brain |
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computerized axial tomography (CT) |
an imaging technique used to see which brain areas are being activated while performing tasks |
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magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) |
a measuring technique used to study brain structure and activity |
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endocrine system |
chemical communication system, using hormones, by which messages are sent through the bloodstream |
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hormones |
chemical substances that carry messages though the body in blood. |
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pituitary gland |
the center of control of the endocrine system that secretes a large number of hormones |
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identical twins |
twins who come from one fertilized egg; twins having same heredity |
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genes |
basic building blocks of heredity |
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fraternal twins |
twins who come from two different eggs fertilized by two different sperm |
