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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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bottom-up processing |
starts at the sensory receptors and works up to higher levels of processing |
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top-down processing |
constructs perceptions from the sensory input by drawing on our experience and expectations |
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absolute threshold |
minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus 50% of the time |
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subliminal threshold |
when stimuli are below ones absolute threshold for conscious awareness |
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intensity (brightness) |
bigger amplitude = greater intensity (brighter colors) |
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cornea |
transparent tissue where light enters the eye |
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iris |
muscle that expands and contracts to change the size of the opening (pupil) for light |
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lens |
focuses the light rays on the retina |
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retina |
contains sensory receptors that process visual information and sends it to the brain ~contains rods and cones <-- light receptors |
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cones |
cones = color near center of retina (fovea) fine detail |
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rods |
detect black, white and gray peripheral retina |
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optic nerve |
carries neural impulses from the eye to the brain |
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color blindness |
people are blind to green or red colors |
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afterimage effect |
see opposite color after looking at flag green -> red yellow -> blue |
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opponent process theory |
opposing retinal processes enable color vision ON: red green blue yellow black white OFF:green, red, yellow, blue, white, black |
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outer ear |
collects sound and funnels it to the eardrum |
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middle ear |
sound waves hit eardrum and move the hammer, anvil and stirrup, which amplifies vibrations. stirrup sends these vibrations to the cochlea |
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cochlea |
coiled, bony, fluid-filled tube in the inner ear that transforms sound vibrations to auditory signals |
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place theory |
at high sound frequencies, signals are generated at different locations in the cochlea, depending on pitch |
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binocular cues |
retinal disparity - images from the two eyes differ convergence - neuromuscular cue, two eyes move inward for near objects |
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telepathy |
mind to mind communication |
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clairvoyance |
perception of remote events, sensing a friends house on fire |
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precognition |
perceiving future events |
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binocular cues |
uses 2 eyes retinal disparity: perceives depth by comparing images from the retinas in the two eyes |
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monocular cues |
depth cues, such as interposition and linear perspective, available to either eye ALONE |
