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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is learning?
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Process by which experience produces a relatively enduring change in an organism's behavior or capablities.
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What does ethology focus on?
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evolution, functions of behavior, and adaptive significance
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What classical conditioning?
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learning process where an oraganism learns 2 stimuli unrelated... Pavlor experiment with the dogs
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what are the 3 types of learning?
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classical conditioning, operant conditioning, observational learning
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What is an uncondition stimuli?
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stimulus that automatically triggers a response
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what is an unconditioned response?
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an automatic response
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what is are conditioned stimuli (CS)?
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a neutral stimulus that leads to a conditioned response
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what are conditioned reponses?
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learned responses
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What is opernant conditioning?
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a type of learning in which behavior is influenced by the consequences that follow it.... repear -> rewards.... avoid -> punished
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what is observational learning?
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learning through the experiences of others
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What is generlization?
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example: a person gets bit by a pitbull, and they become afraid of all dogs
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What is discrimination?
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example: The ablity to distinguish the difference between a car alarm and a fire alarm.
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True or flase.... cognitive process and biological predisposition effects behaviorism?
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true
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What pyschologist is associated with operative conditioning?
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Skinner
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What is shaping?
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reforcing by experimenter to get desired behavior
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What are principles of reinforcement?
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any consequences that strengthens behavior
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what is positive reinforcement?
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something desirable is added
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what is negative reinforcement?
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something undesirable is removed... you put on a jacket so you dont get cold
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What is the differences between primary reinforces and secondary reinforces?
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primary reinforces are stimuli that satisfy biological needs, secondary reinforces are strenghted by primary reinforces. examples of secondary reinforces are money, praise,grades etc
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What is a fixed ratio schedule?
What is it's response rate? |
reinforcement after a certain number of responses
has a high response rate |
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what is a rariable ratio schedule?
what is its response rate? |
reinforcement after an unperdictable number of responses
high response rate, resistant to extinction |
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what is a fixed interval rate schedule?
what is its response rate? |
reinforcement only after a specifized time interval
response rate is slow after each reinforcement, increase right before next reinforcement craming for a test is an example |
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what is a variable interval schedule?
what is its response rate? |
reinforcement at unpredictable times
steady rate of response |
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What are two ways to extinguish a behavior?
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operant extinctintion- no reinforcement -> extinguishes behavior
punishment- weakens behavor, supresses behavior |
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What are 2 different types of punishment?
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adversion- actively apply adversive response
response cost- behavior followed by removal of something |
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What are some important things to remember about punishment?
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-behavior may be removed -> increase aggression, creation of fear, axeity, depression etc
-needs to be present immediatly -tells what not to do, not what to do -can backfire -can have inhibiting effect -avoid physical violence -punisher associated with punishment |
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What is latent learning?
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learning without reinforcement
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what are the 4 steps to modelling behavior?
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1. attention
2. retentsion 3. reproduction 4. motivation (knowledge vs perforcemence) |