Psych Ch 11

Front 1

the combination of psychological characteristics and behavior patterns that characterize the uniqueness of an individual and the ways in which the individual relates to the world and adapts to environmental demands is called

Back 1

personality

Front 2

freud developed an approach to personality called __ theory

Back 2

psychoanalytic

Front 3

freud's psychoanalytic theory posits that the preconscious consists of __

Back 3

information that can be retrieved from memory and brought into awareness at any time

Front 4

freud's psychoanalytic theory posits that the superego consists of __

Back 4

the internalized moral teachings of parents or other significant others that may be partially conscious of partially unconscious

Front 5

the psychoanalytic theory, __ is to reality principle as __ is to pleasure principle.

Back 5

ego; id

Front 6

the psychoanalytic theory, the personality structure that organizes ways to handle delays of gratification and represents "reason and good sense"

Back 6

ego

Front 7

which part of the personality might be described as "the great compromiser"?

Back 7

ego

Front 8

in freudian theory, the failure to acknowledge a threatening impulse or desire is called

Back 8

denial

Front 9

rationalization is

Back 9

using self-justifications to explain away unacceptable behavior

Front 10

regarding freud's view on personality development, which of the following statements is false?

Back 10

freud believed that boys develop womb envy and girls develop penis envy

Front 11

what is the correct ordering of freud's psychosexual stages of development?

Back 11

oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital

Front 12

a major contribution of Jung to the psychodynamic approach was his belief in

Back 12

a collective unconscious

Front 13

Jung believed that similarities among cultures in dream images, art, and religious symbols are an essential part of the

Back 13

collective unconscious

Front 14

according to adler, because of their small size and limited abilities, all children harbor feelings of

Back 14

inferiority

Front 15

in karen horney's theory of personality development, children may develop a deep form of resentment toward their parents. horney labeled this is as

Back 15

basic hostility

Front 16

karen horney's feminine psychology emphasized the importance of our basic anxiety, which is __

Back 16

our feelings of "being isolated and helpless in a potentially hostile world"

Front 17

psychodynamic theory has been criticized on all but which of the following grounds?

Back 17

it places too much emphasis on social influences

Front 18

in alport's view, cardinal traits are

Back 18

the most pervasive characteristics of one's personality

Front 19

the most widely adopted trait model of personality today is the

Back 19

five-factor model

Front 20

Tifara takes a personality test measuring the "big five"factors of personality. results from one of the test's subscales suggest that Tifara is conforming, practical, and conventional. which factor is being measured with this subscale?

Back 20

openness

Front 21

the construct of __ represents the belief that behavior involves an interrelationship between personality traits and situational factors.

Back 21

interactionism

Front 22

the most widely held view in contemporary psychology is that __

Back 22

genetic factors are somewhat more important than environmental factors in determining our personalities

Front 23

an extension of behaviorism that includes roles for internal mental processes and the influences of other people on our behavior is called

Back 23

social-cognitive theory

Front 24

in social-cognitive theory, all but which of the following play a role in explaining personality?

Back 24

a person's unconscious impulses

Front 25

an individual's general belief about his or her ability to obtain reinforcements is referred to as

Back 25

locus of control

Front 26

albert bandura's theory emphasizes the importance of an individual's efficacy expectations, by which is meant __

Back 26

our beliefs about our own abilities to perform tasks we set out to accomplish

Front 27

regarding self-efficacy, which of the following statements is false?

Back 27

successful experiences boost self efficacy in children but not in adults

Front 28

in mischel's theory, which person variable concerns the ability to plan courses of action to achieve goals and obtain rewards?

Back 28

self-regulatory systems and plans

Front 29

psychologist walter mischel emphasizes the importance of self-regulatory systems and plans, by which is meant __

Back 29

our ability to plan courses of action to achieve our goals and to reward ourselves for accomplishing our goals

Front 30

the social-cognitive perspective of personality development is associated with which approach to therapy?

Back 30

cognitive-behavioral therapy

Front 31

in the humanistic perspective, realization of one's own potential is known as

Back 31

self-actualization

Front 32

according to humanists, personality is

Back 32

the expression of conscious experience of directing ourselves towards achieving our own unique potentials

Front 33

in comparison to psychodynamic and behaviorist explanations of human behavior and though processes, humanistic theory

Back 33

is more positive and endorses the idea of personal freedom

Front 34

gerneralizing from roger's ideas about positive regard, which tactic should parents take with their children?

Back 34

prize their children regardless of their behavior at any particular time

Front 35

in humanistic theory of rogers and maslow, personality is best described as

Back 35

a process, rather than an outcome

Front 36

when taken to extremes, collectivistic values might lead to undesirable consequences, such as __

Back 36

needlessly limiting creativity, innovation, and personal initiative

Front 37

when taken to extremes, individualistic values might lead to undesirable consequences, such as __

Back 37

needlessly encouraging unrestrained greed and the exploitation of others

Front 38

__ are the most widely used method for learning about personality today.

Back 38

formal personality tests

Front 39

the use of projective tests in measuring personality is most consistent with which perspective on personality?

Back 39

psychodynamic

Front 40

regarding psychological tests, which of the following statements is false?

Back 40

one problem with objective tests is their stimulus pull