Psych 55 Chapter 3

Front 1

Is it possible to guarantee that when you do two things at the same time you are doing them the same way?

Back 1

No, researchers have suggest that the participants learn to restructure the two tasks and combine them into a single task.

Front 2

automatic verus controlled processing

Back 2

automatic processing is used on easy/familar tasks. controlled processing is used on new or difficult tasks. controlled processing can turn into automatic.

Front 3

endogenous attention

Back 3

has a voluntary aspect, top down, and originates from within the agent

Front 4

exogenous attention

Back 4

involuntary, bottom up, orignates in the external world.

Front 5

covert attention

Back 5

the phenomena where eyes may be directed at a specific spot yet visual attention might be elsewhere, covertly

Front 6

Posner thoery of attention

Back 6

3 stages: disengage attention from current location, move attention to new location, engage attention in new location

Front 7

priming

Back 7

occurs when a stimulus or a task facilitates processing of subsequent a subsequent stimulus or task

Front 8

object-based attention

Back 8

when looking at an object, its associated parts and features are selected together

Front 9

attention

Back 9

the processs that, at a given moment, enhances some information and inhibits other inofrmation. selecting some information for further processing while inhibiting other info.

Front 10

failures of selection in space

Back 10

a lot of information simultaneously present in front of you

Front 11

failures of selection in time

Back 11

when new information arrives in a rapid stream

Front 12

change blindness

Back 12

failure to detect changes in the physical aspects of a a scene

Front 13

change deafness

Back 13

failure to detect changes in the auditory scene

Front 14

focused attention

Back 14

concentration on one source of input to the exclusion of any other

Front 15

divided attention

Back 15

when more than one source is attended and the information selected is imperfect

Front 16

attentional blink

Back 16

a short period during which incoming information is not registered

Front 17

repitition blindness

Back 17

the failure to detect the alter appearance of a stimulus when the stimuli are presented in a rapid sequence

Front 18

bottleneck attention theory

Back 18

there is a a restriction on the amount of information that can be processed at once

Front 19

dual-task interference

Back 19

type of interference where performance is hampered when you have to attend to two separate sources of input

Front 20

response bottleneck

Back 20

interference in the form of slowing down of actions that arises when one tries to select between two possible responses

Front 21

automatic processing

Back 21

used for easy or familiar taks

Front 22

controlled processing

Back 22

used for novel of difficult tasks, can eventually become automatic

Front 23

hemispatial neglect

Back 23

a deficit of attention in which one entire half of a visual scene is simply ignored, usually caused by a stroke in the right parietal lobe.

Front 24

cocktail party effect

Back 24

hearing your name at a loud party even when you are not paying attention to the person talking

Front 25

spotlight theory of attention

Back 25

spatial attention selectively brings information within a circumscribed region of space to awareness and information outside that region is more likely to be ignored

Front 26

feature integration theory (fit)

Back 26

deals with the role attention plays in selecting and binding complex info. the perceptual system is divided into separate mapes, each of which registers the presence of a different visual feature. each map contains information about the location of the features it represents.

Front 27

guided search

Back 27

search where the output for the first stage of information processing guides later serial search mechanisms. targets that cannot possibly be the target are eliminated in paralell in the feature maps.

Front 28

disjunctive/feature search

Back 28

searching where the target differs from the other characters or symbols (the distractors) by a single feature, generally easier

Front 29

distractor

Back 29

a nonrelevant stimulus that is supposed to be ignored

Front 30

conjunctive search

Back 30

search in which the target is defined by several features, generally harder

Front 31

preattentive

Back 31

takes place before attention is even engaged