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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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unconditioned stimulus
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automatically elicits reflexive response
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unconditioned response
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reflexive response to US
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Conditioned stimulus
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stimulus that was initially neutral but now elicits a response when paired with US
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conditioned response
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learned response to CS
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eye blink conditioning
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US: Puff of Air
UR: eyeblink CS:light or tone CR: eyeblink |
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Conditioned Suppression
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US:Electric Shock
UR: Freeze (in rats) CS: light or tone CR: Freeze |
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Skin Conductance Response
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US: Shock
UR: Palms sweat CS: tone/word/image CR: palms sweat |
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Taste Aversion Learning
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US: Poison
UR: nausea CS: taste of food CR: avoidance of food |
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Acquisition Phase:
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first series of US-CS pairings when CR gradually increases in strength.
-increase in size or intensity of US = faster asymptote and acquisition. |
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Extinction:
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Repeatedly presenting the CS without the US until CR starts to decrease. But passage of time doesn't make CR disappear
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Spontaneous Recovery
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reappearance of CR (with no cause) is proof that US and CS association is not permanently destroyed in the extinction phase
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Disinhibition:
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CR recurs if CS is in a new context. This presentation of a distracting stimulus disrupts the fragile inhibition that was developed in Extinction.
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Rapid Reacquisition:
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in a second phase of acquisition
(after an extinction phase), the rate of learning is substantially faster. |
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Generalization:
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transfer of CR to other similar stimuli.
(like rabbits responding to all levels of frequency) |
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Discrimination:
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CR to one stimulus but not to other.
(like rabbits responding to only one level of frequency) |
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Simultaneous Conditioning
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CS and US occur at the same.
Low CR because the CS is not predictive of US |
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Trace Conditioning
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CS and US are separated by some time interval in which neither stimulus is presented
subject is relying on memory trace. |
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Short Delay Conditioning
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Most effective!
when CS begins a second or so before the US. |
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Long Delay Conditioning
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The CS precedes the US and continues until the US is presented.
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Backward Conditioning
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CS presented AFTER US
order matters, this limits the contiguity principle. |
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Higher Order Conditioning
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When a CR is transferred from one CS to another.
example: first order: attractive person second order: logo |
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Systematic Desensitization:
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1. construction of fear hierarchy
2. Progressive relaxation training 3. Gradual exposure to fear hierarchy while relaxed. |
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Aversive Counter Conditioning
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Pain aversive stimulus with attractive stimulus
US: drug UR: Nausea CS: Alcohol CR: Nausea |
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Treatment for Bedwetting:
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US: loud bell
UR: awaken (tighten muscles) CS: full bladder CR:awaken |
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inhibitory CS
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CS that prevents occurrence of reduces the size of CR
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excitatory CS
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regularly elicits CR when paired with US.
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Phobias
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US: images of twin towers
UR: fears CS:all tall buildings CR:fears |
