There are two behavioral phenomena being studied in this research. The first phenomenon is Classical conditioning with inhibitory conditioning. Classical conditioning is a process in which a previous stimulus that does not elicit certain response is associated with a second stimulus that does: as a result, the first neutral stimulus comes to elicit a response. The procedure of classical conditioning involves the unconditioned stimulus (US), the unconditioned response (UR), the conditioned stimulus (CS) and the conditioned response (CR). The US naturally elicits a UR. The UR is the response that is naturally elicited by the US. The US and the UR are unlearned reaction. In contrast, the CS is any stimulus that was initially neutral comes to
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Operant conditioning is a type of learning in which the future probability of a behavior is affected by its consequence. Operant behavior is a class of emitted behavior that is voluntary by the organism. In operant conditioning there are two types of consequences; reinforces and punishments. The reinforces is a type of consequence that strength a behavior and the frequency of the behavior increases. However, punishments weaken the future probability of the behavior. The operant conditioning procedure usually involves a reinforcing stimulus (Sr), and punisher stimulus are given the symbol (Sp). A discriminative stimulus (Sd) is a stimulus in the presence of which responses are reinforced and in the absence of which they are not reinforced. The positive reinforcement is adding a presentation of a stimulus that is pleasant or rewarding to the organism. But, the negative reinforcement is to removed something unpleasant by the organism. Positive punishment is adding a stimulus that is unpleasant by the organism and negative punishment is the removal of a stimulus that is considered pleasant or rewarding to the organism (Powell, Symbaluk & Honey, 2013, P.
Operant conditioning is a type of learning in which the future probability of a behavior is affected by its consequence. Operant behavior is a class of emitted behavior that is voluntary by the organism. In operant conditioning there are two types of consequences; reinforces and punishments. The reinforces is a type of consequence that strength a behavior and the frequency of the behavior increases. However, punishments weaken the future probability of the behavior. The operant conditioning procedure usually involves a reinforcing stimulus (Sr), and punisher stimulus are given the symbol (Sp). A discriminative stimulus (Sd) is a stimulus in the presence of which responses are reinforced and in the absence of which they are not reinforced. The positive reinforcement is adding a presentation of a stimulus that is pleasant or rewarding to the organism. But, the negative reinforcement is to removed something unpleasant by the organism. Positive punishment is adding a stimulus that is unpleasant by the organism and negative punishment is the removal of a stimulus that is considered pleasant or rewarding to the organism (Powell, Symbaluk & Honey, 2013, P.