Psych 270: Chapter 8

Front 1

Eating Disorders

Back 1

When a person is at the mercy of their feelings about food

Front 2

Are eating disorders norm

Back 2

in some subcultures they are

Front 3

different conditions of eating disorders

Back 3

1.People who are mildly overweight or underweight
2.People of normal weight who worry about their weight all the time
3.People feel inordinately guilty when they eat unhealthy foods
4.People who radically restrict their food options for fear of gaining weight
5.People who engage in compulsive exercise to maintain normal weight

Front 4

context of eating disorders

Back 4

depends on the particular individual’s life circumstances

Front 5

Three types of Eating Disorders

Back 5

-anorexia nervosa
-bulimia nervosa
-eating disorder not otherwise specified

Front 6

Anorexia Nervosa

Back 6

refusal to maintain a minimally normal body weight

Front 7

physical symptoms of anorexia

Back 7

a.Slowing of the metabolism
b.Low blood pressure
c.Inducing electrolyte in balances
d.Amenorrhea- stopping of the menstruation cycle

Front 8

Electrolytes

Back 8

charge molecules that regulate nerve and muscle impuses throughout the body

Front 9

Amenorrhea

Back 9

the cessation of the menstrual cycle

Front 10

2 types of Anorexia

Back 10

1- restricting type anorexia
2-binge-eating/purging type anorexia

Front 11

restricting type anorexia

Back 11

anorexia in which the individual loses weight by severely restricting food intake

Front 12

Binge-eating/purging type anorexia

Back 12

anorexia in which the individual loses weight by binging and purging. Different from bulimics because they are 15% + under normal weight

Front 13

Bulimia Nervosa

Back 13

a repeated pattern of eating an excessive amount of food in a very short period of time (bingeing) , then engaging in behaviors to compensate for the extreme food intake to avoid weight gain (purging)

Front 14

Psychological effects of Bulimia

Back 14

a.High levels of depression
b.Anxiety
c.Greater mood instability and more difficulty controlling impulses than people with anorexia

Front 15

2 Kinds of Bulimia

Back 15

a.Purging Type Bulimia
b.Nonpurging Type Bulimia

Front 16

Puring Type Bulimia

Back 16

bulimia in which the individual tries to avoid weight gain from binges by physically removing ingested food from her body, usually through vomiting or the use of laxatives

Front 17

Nonpurging Type Bulimia

Back 17

Bulimia in which the individual tries to avoid weight gain from binges by burning off calories usually through fasting or engaging in excessive exercise.

Front 18

Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (EDNOS)

Back 18

the DSM-IV-TR diagnosis for eating behaviors which are disordered but do not meet the diagnostic criteria for either anorexia or bulimia

Front 19

Binge Eating Disorder (BED)

Back 19

A diagnostic category currently under study that describes recurrent episodes of binge eating not followed by compensatory behaviors.
Associated with depression, obesity, anxiety and personality pathology

Front 20

Subclinical problems

Back 20

the presence of symptoms at levels below the full diagnostic criteria for a disorder

Front 21

age eating disorders are most common in:

Back 21

15-25

Front 22

Reverse Anorexia

Back 22

a condition, usually effecting men, that involves excessive worry that muscles are too small and underdeveloped

Front 23

where eating disorders occur

Back 23

same across all classes, subclinical cases are more frequent in upper classes

Front 24

Obesity

Back 24

being 20 + % over ideal weight

Front 25

Psychological effects of obesity

Back 25

-depression
-low self esteem

Front 26

Psychodynamic Interventions of eating disorders

Back 26

Explanatory techniques such as free association, dream analysis and analysis of the relationship with the therapist to uncover meaning and function of the eating disorder.

Front 27

Emmeshed

Back 27

families in which boundaries between members are weak and relationships tend to be intrusive

Front 28

result of an eating disorder

Back 28

emmeshed family, where

Front 29

psychodynamic explainations of eating disorders

Back 29

complex reaction to perfection-oreintated families

anorexia is a retreat from an adult body

reactions to sexual abuse

Front 30

Minuchin

Back 30

beleived that eating disorders occur in families that are overly emmeshed

Front 31

Family system interventions

Back 31

involve the whole family and assumes the eating disorder represents a broader problem

Front 32

Catastrophizing

Back 32

cognitive term for the tendency to view minor problems as major catastrophes

Front 33

Cognitive-Behavioral Components of eating disorders

Back 33

i. Eating disorders result from a combination of dysfunctional thoughts and related experiences that have reinforced eating disordered behaviors

Front 34

Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions for eating disorders

Back 34

-In hospital settings: behavioral interventions are used to help clients gain weight
-patients to keep records of what/where/when they eat
-Highly effective for bulimia

Front 35

Sociocultural Components

Back 35

Cultural standards for beauty have become impossible for women to attain, implicit messages of what it is to be thin (sucessful, in control) versus obese (lazy, stupid)

Front 36

Sociocultural Interventions

Back 36

-media activism: organized protests of harmful and unrealistic advertising
-media literacy: question and resist the media's unrealistic standards

Front 37

Biological Components

Back 37

genetic factors, hormonal and neurotransmitter abnormalities, structural brain abnormalities.

Front 38

Leptin

Back 38

a hormone that suppresses appetite

Front 39

Ghrelin

Back 39

a hormone that stimulates hunger

Front 40

Endorphins

Back 40

brain chemicals that reduce pain and produce pleasurable sensations; sometimes referred to as the body’s natural opioids

Front 41

low levels of serotonin

Back 41

associated with anorexia and bulimia

Front 42

Biological Interventions of eating disorders

Back 42

SSRIs

Front 43

SSRIs

Back 43

block the reuptake of serotonin

Front 44

CBT

Back 44

cognitive-behavioral treatment

Front 45

the best form of treatment for bulimia

Back 45

combination of SSRI and CBT
- CBT is more effective than SSRI when used alone

Front 46

connection of mind and body with eating disorders

Back 46

cognitive impairment due to starvation

Front 47

why do eating disorders have multiple causality?

Back 47

predisposition for anorexia and confront a life stressor.

-family that emphasizes perfections, weight gain, highly attuned to the media