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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Statistical Deviance |
A criterion of abnormality stating that a behavior is abnormal if it occurs infrequently among the members of a population |
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Cultural Deviance |
A criterion of abnormality stating that a behavior is abnormal if it violates the rules or accepted standards of society |
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Emotional Distress |
A criterion of abnormality stating that abnormal behaviors are those that lead to personal distress or emotional upset |
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Dysfunction |
A breakdown in normal functioning; abnormal behaviors are those that prevent one from pursuing adaptive strategies |
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Insanity |
A legal term usually defined as the inability to understand that certain actions are wrong, in a legal or moral sense, at the time of a crime |
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Medical Model |
The view that abnormal behavior is symptomatic of an underlying "disease," which can be "cured" with the appropriate therapy |
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Diagnostic Labeling Effects |
The fact that labels for psychological problems can become self-fulfilling prophecies; the label may make it difficult to recognize normal behavior when it occurs, and it may actually increase the likelihood that a person will act in an abnormal way |
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DSM |
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. which is used for the diagnosis and classification of psychological disorders |
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Anxiety Disorders |
A class of disorders marked by excessive apprehension and worry that in turn impairs normal functioning |
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Generalized Anxiety Disorder |
Excessive worrying, or free-floating anxiety, that lasts and cannont be attributed to any single identifiable source |
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Panic Disorder |
A condition marked by recurrent discrete episodes or attacks of extremely intense fear or dread |
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Agoraphobia |
An anxiety disorder that causes an individual to restrict his or her normal activities; someone suffering from agoraphobia tends to avoid public places out of fear that a panic attack will occur |
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Phobic Disorder |
A highly focused fear of a specific object or situation |
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Social Anxiety Disorder |
Intense fear of being watched,judged and embarrassed in social situations |
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Somatic Symptom Disorder |
Psychological disorders that focus on the physical body. These disorders can be associated with specific body complaints (such as continuing pain) and/or excessive worry about the possibility of contracting a serious disease |
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Conversion Disorder |
The presence of real physical problems, such as blindness or paralysis, that seem to have no identifiable physical cause |
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Dissociative Disorders |
A class of disorders characterized by the separation, or dissociation, of conscious awareness from previous thoughts or memories |
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Dissociative Amnesia |
A psychological disorder characterized by an inability to remember important personal info |
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Dissociative Fugue |
A loss of personal identity that is often accompanied by a flight from home |
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Dissociative Identity Disorder |
A condition in which an individ alternates between what appear to be two or more distinct identities or personalities (multiple personalities disorder) |
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Depressive Disorders |
Prolonged and disabling disruptions in emotional state |
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Major Depressive Episode |
A type of disorder characterized by depressed mood and other symptoms |
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Bipolar Disorder |
A type of disorder in which the person experiences disordered mood shifts in two directions - from depression to a manic state |
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Manic Episode |
A disordered state in which the person becomes hyperactive, talkative, and has a decreased need for sleep; a person in a manic state may engage in activities that are self-destructive or dangerous |
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Schizophrenia |
A class of disorders characterized by fundamental disturbances in thought processes, emotion, or behavior |
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Personality Disorder |
Chronic or enduring patterns of behavior that lead to significant impairments in social functioning |
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Narcissistic Personality Disorder |
A personality disorder characterized by an exaggerated sense of entitlement, which leads to excessive attempts to attract and be the focus of attention |
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Antisocial Personality Disorder |
A personality disorder characterized by little, if any, respect for social laws, customs or norms |
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Borderline Personality Disorder |
A personality disorder characterized by problems with emotional regulation, social relationships, and sense of self |
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Bio-psycho-social perspective |
The idea that psychological disorders are influenced, or caused, by a combination of biological, psychological(cognitive), and social (environmental) factors |
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Learned Helplessness |
A general sense of helplessness that is acquired when people repeatedly fail in their attempts to control their environment; learned helplessness may play a role in depression |