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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Psychology |
The science or study of the mind and behavior the way a person or group thinks |
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Structuralism |
Early school of thought promoted by Wundt & Titchner, used introspection to reveal the structure of the human mind |
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Functionalism |
Early school of thought promoted by James and influenced bt Darwin; explored how mental and behavioral processes function - how to enable the organism to adapt, survive & flourish. |
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Behaviorism |
The view that psychology 1. Should be an objective science 2. Studies behavior w/o reference to mental process Most research psychologists today agree w. 1 but not 2 |
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Human psychology |
Historically significant perspective that emphasizes the growth potential of healthy people |
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Cognitive Neuroscience |
The interdisciplinary study of brain activity linked with cognition (including perception, thinking, memory and language |
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Nature vs Nurture issue |
The longstanding controversy over the relative contributions that genes and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behavior. Today's psychological traits and behaviors arising from the interaction of nature vs. Nurture. |
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Natural selection |
The principal that among the range of inherited trait variation those contributing to reproduction & survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations. |
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Levels of analysis |
The differing complementary views from biological to psychological to social -Cultural, for analyzing any given phenomenon. |
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Biopsychosocial approach |
An integrated approach that incorporates biological, psychological and Social-cultural levels of analysis |
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Neuroscience |
How body & brain enable emotions, memories & sensory experiences |
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Evolutionary |
How natural selection of traits has promoted the survival of genes |
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Behavior genetics |
How our genes and our environment influences our individual differences |
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Psychodynamic |
How behavior springs from unconscious drives & conflicts |
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Behavioral |
How we learn observable responses |
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Cognitive |
How we encode process, store, and retrieve info |
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Social - Cultural |
How behavior & thinking vary across situations & cultures |
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Basic research |
Pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base |
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Applied research |
Scientific study that aims to solve practical problems |
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Counceling psychology |
A branch of psychology that assists people with problems in living and in achieving greater well being (Often related to school, work and relationships ) |
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Clinical psychology |
A branch of psychology that studies assesses and treats people with psychological disorders |
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Psychiatry |
A branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders ; practiced by physicians who sometimes provide medical treatments as well as psychological therapy |
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Positive psychology |
The scientific study of human functioning, with the goals of discovering and promoting strengths and virtues that help individuals and communities to thrive |
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Hindsight bias |
The tendency to believe after learning on outcome, that one would have foreseen it AKA i-knew-it-all-along phenomenon |
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Critical thimking |
Thinking that does not blindly accept arguments and conclusions. Rather it examines assumptions, discern hidden values, evaluates evidence and assesses conclusions |
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Theory |
An explanation using an integrated set of principles that organizes observations and predicts behaviors or events |
