Psyc341 - Final Study Guide

Front 1

1. what is reactive schizophrenia (acute)

Back 1

Later onset due to a stressor, more likely to recover with good social adjustment (more likely a brain chem prob, Type I, more positive symptoms)

Front 2

2. what are hallucinations, delusions, thought disorders

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(positive symptoms of schizo, disturbance in thought process, most defined as disorganized thinking with altered associations)

Front 3

hallucinations

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false sensory perceptions which are gripping and sometimes terrifying, most often auditory

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delusions

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false beliefs that resist all argument & are substantiated in face of evidence showing contrary, positive symptom of schiz

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thought disorders

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due to attention deficits, selective filtering (cant filter out what relevant / irrelevant), overinclusiveness in categorization

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3. what is an auditory hallucination

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hearing things w/o actual auditory stimulus (false auditory stimulus)

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4. what are positive symptoms of schizophrenia (cognitive disturbances)

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-delusions are more associated (false beliefs that resist all argument & are substantiated in face of evidence)
-hallucinations are somewhat associated

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5. what is relationship between social class and schizophrenia

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higher rates in large inner cities & in lower class

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6. why a higher prevalence of schizophrenia in college-aged people

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age of onset

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7. what are types of delusions

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persecution, control, thought insertion & broadcast, grandeur, somatic passivity, grandiose, ideas of reference

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8. what is the prodromal stage

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before active stage, some negative symptoms (behavioral symptoms i.e. apathy, lack of energy / desire), lasts several weeks to months as disorder gradually increases (it is slow)

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9. type II schizophrenia, brain structure problems include:

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Abnormal EEG, Large ventricles, Small frontal lobes, neuron degradation

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10. evidence for a biological cause of schizophrenia comes from _

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amphetamime overdose, effects of phenothiazine, Parkinson symptoms

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11. best explanation for cause of schizophrenia is _

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hereditary disposition, stressful environment, lack of support

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12. what is EE and what does it do

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Expressed Emotion. Higher rates of relapse in discharged schizos

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13. what is the dopamine hypothesis

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dopamine2 too high in schiz. -dopamine receptors too sensitive & increase in # causing too much d2 in cells

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14. what is milieu therapy

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residential treatment; institutions for schizos, provides emotional and social support

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15. type I schizophrenia is a disturbance in _

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brain chemistry

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16. most useful treatment for schizophrenia is _

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antipsychotic meds

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17. what is tardive dyskinesia

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symptoms: involuntary body movements, lip smacking, tongue moving, chinwagging, fly waving

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18. what are neologisms, clang associations, derailment, poverty of speech

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they are all examples of disorganized speech
Neologisms: making up words
Clang association: word evoked not by meaning but by the similar sound
Derailment: easily lose train of thought
Poverty of speech: brief empty replies to questions

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19. what is overinclusiveness

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cant keep out what is irrelevant

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20. what is Phillips scale used for

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measure of premorbid social and emotional functioning

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21. what are the genetic factors in cause of schizophrenia behavioral genetics:

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-high concordance (44%) in twins, higher in monozygotic twins
-more neg symptoms in fams w/ schiz
-adopted studies also showed schiz

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22. types of schizophrenia and their symptoms are _

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paranoid, disorganized (extreme silliness), catatonic, undifferentiated

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23. the most prominent advance in treatment of schizophrenia _

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development of antipsychotic meds and family therapy, med counseling, all forms of communicating

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24. what is impaired reality testing

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to show psychotic thinking, measured against baseline of psychotic thinking

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25. what is waxy flexibility (catatonic)

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Psychomotor symptom, Can actually move but they remain immobile (moving catatonic people forcefully)

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26. what is undifferentiated schizophrenia

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Miscellaneous category; they have a little bit of everything so they do not fall into a specific category

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27. what are negative symptoms (behavioral deficits)

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Don’t respond well to treatment, can't be changed by treatment

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-avolition: apathy, lack of energy or desire to do anything, passivity, poor grooming
-alogia: lack of words, poverty of speech, blocking
-anhedonia: lack of pleasure or interest, have no anticipatory pleasure
-flat affect: exp emotions but do not show
-asociality: little interest in being w/ others

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a

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28. in addition to medication, what else is part of the treatment for schizophrenia

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Cog therapy & family therapy

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29. what is flat affect

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Blunting of emotions, experience but do not show emotion

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30. in case study, what were bill’s scruples

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Religious and moral interventions to decrease symptoms

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31. in the beginning of therapy with bill it was necessary for therapist to _

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Work on building trusting relationship rapport

Front 36

Genetic composition that causes schizo is

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less glutamene in preforntal, limbic, frontal regions