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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Our judgements of others are influenced by a _____, a tendency for the first information we receive about others to carry special weight, along with our instant impressions and our stereotypes, in shaping our overall impressions of them.
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Primacy Effect
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People ordinarily display a _____: They seek information that will prove them right more often than they look for examples that would prove them wrong.
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Confirmation Bias
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Most people are _____ in their beliefs about others, making more mistakes than they realize.
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Overconfident
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People often judge their lovers with _____ that portray their partners in the best possible light.
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Positive Illusions
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The explanations we generate for why things happen-and in particular why a person did or did not do something-are called _____.
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Attributions
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Despite their intimate knowledge of each other, partners are affected by robust _____: They generate different explanations for their own behaviour than they do for the similar actions they observe in their partners.
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Actor/Observer Effects
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Despite genuine affection for each other, partners are also likely to display _____ in which they readily take credit for their successes but try to avoid the blame for their failures.
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Self-Serving Biases
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Psychologists use the term _____ to describe the manner in which our memories are continually revised and rewritten as new information is obtained.
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Reconstructive Memory
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_____ assume that two people are both well-suited for each other and destined to live happily ever after, or they’re not.
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Destiny Beliefs
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_____ assume that happy relationships are the result of hard work. Good relationships are believed to develop gradually as the partners work at surmounting challenges and overcoming obstacles, and a basic presumption is that with enough effort, almost any relationship can succeed.
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Growth Beliefs
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_____ can be defined as false predictions that become true because they lead people to behave in ways that make the erroneous expectations come true.
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Self-Fulfilling Prophecies
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Self-esteem is just one part of our broader _____, which encompass all of the beliefs and feelings we have about ourselves. Our _____ include a wide array of self-knowledge along with our self-esteem, and all the components of the _____ are intimately tied to our relationships with others.
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Self-Concept
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The desire for positive, complimentary feedback is referred to as _____.
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Self-Enhancement
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The desire for feedback that is consistent with the self-concept is referred to as _____.
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Self-Vindication
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_____ can be defined as trying to influence the impressions of us that others form.
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Impression Management
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We use _____ when we seek acceptance and liking from others; we do favours, pay compliments, mention areas of agreement, describe ourselves in desirable ways, and are generally charming in order to get others to like us.
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Ingratiation
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On other occasions, when we wish our abilities to be recognized and respected by others, we may engage in _____, recounting our accomplishments or strategically arranging public demonstrations of our skills.
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Self-Promotion
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Through _____, people portray themselves as ruthless, dangerous, and menacing so that others will do their bidding.
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Intimidation
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Using the strategy of _____, people sometimes present themselves as inept or infirm in order to avoid obligations and to elicit help and support from others.
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Supplication
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