Psyc 356 Final

Front 1

acquisition

Back 1

the original input of information in a learning or memory experiment

Front 2

amnesia

Back 2

loss of memory due to concussion or other injury

Front 3

animal cognition

Back 3

theoretical constructs and models used to explain aspects of behavior that cannot be readily characterized in terms of simple s-r or reflex mechanisms. these mechanisms do not require consciousness, awareness, or intentionality.

Front 4

cognitive ethology

Back 4

a branch of ethology that assumes that consciousness, awareness, and intentionality can be inferred from the complexity, flexibility, and cleverness of certain forms of behavior

Front 5

delayed matching to sample

Back 5

a procedure in which participants are reinforced for responding to a test stimulus that is the same as a sample stimulus that was presented some time earlier

Front 6

directed forgetting

Back 6

forgetting that occurs because of a stimulus (a forget cue) that indicates that working memory will not be tested on that trial. directed forgetting is an example of the stimulus control of memory.

Front 7

memory

Back 7

a term used to characterize instances in which an organism's current behavior is determined by some aspect of its previous experience

Front 8

memory consolidation

Back 8

the establishment of a memory in relatively permanent form, or the transfer or information from short-term to long-term memory

Front 9

proactive interference

Back 9

disruption of memory caused by exposure to stimuli before the event to be remembered

Front 10

procedural memory

Back 10

memory that mediates the learning of behavioral and cognitive skills that are performed automatically, without conscious control, often reflecting knowledge about invariant relationships in the environment, such as cs-us contiguity or response-reinforcer contiguity.

Front 11

prospective memory

Back 11

memory for an expected future event or response

Front 12

reference memory

Back 12

long-term retention of background information necessary for successful use of incoming and recently acquired information

Front 13

rehearsal

Back 13

a theoretical process whereby information is maintained in an active state, available to influence behavior and/or the processing of other information

Front 14

retention interval

Back 14

the time between acquisition of information and a test of memory for that information

Front 15

retrieval

Back 15

the recovery of information from a memory state

Front 16

retrieval cues

Back 16

a stimulus related to an experience that facilitates the recall of other information related to that experience

Front 17

retrieval failure

Back 17

a deficit in recovering information form a memory store

Front 18

retroactive interference

Back 18

disruption of memory caused by exposure to stimuli following the event to be remembered

Front 19

retrograde amnesia

Back 19

a gradient of memory loss going back in time from the occurrence of a major injury or physiological disturbance. amnesia is greatest for events that took place closest to the time of injury.

Front 20

retrospective memory

Back 20

memory for a previously experienced event

Front 21

simultaneous matching to sample

Back 21

a procedure in which participants are reinforced for responding to a test stimulus that is the same as a sample stimulus. the sample and the test stimuli are presented at the same time

Front 22

stimulus coding

Back 22

how a stimulus is represented in memory

Front 23

trace decay hypothesis

Back 23

the theoretical idea that exposure to a stimulus produces changes in the nervous system that gradually and automatically decrease after the stimulus has been terminated

Front 24

trials-unique procedure

Back 24

a matching-to-sample procedure in which different sample and comparison stimuli are used on each trial

Front 25

working memory

Back 25

short-term retention of information that is needed for successful responding on the task at hand but not on subsequent or previous similar tasks.