Psyc

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verbal knowledge

Back 1

knowledge expressed in language

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spatial knowledge

Back 2

knowledge of spatial relations that may be stored as images

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verbal intelligence

Back 3

Verbal intelligence measures your
capacity to use language in order to express yourself,
comprehend stories, and understand other people. Verbal abilities include reading, writing, and communicating with words.

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spatial intelligence

Back 4

Spatial abilities are the
perceptual and cognitive abilities that enable a person to
deal with spatial relations, in other words the visualization
and orientation of objects in space.

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visualization

Back 5

Visual intelligence measures the ability to
process visual material and to employ both physical and
mental images in thinking. Your visualization skills determine how well you perceive visual patterns and extract information for further use.

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concrete-abstract dimension

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extent to which a
concept can be represented by a picture

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imagery potential

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the ease with which one can
form an image for a given

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association valu

Back 8

number of verbal associates
that can be generated for a concep

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amodal

Back 9

knowledge that is abstracted from sensory experiences

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Modal

Back 10

Knowledge is represented as sensory experiences

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epiphenomenon

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a phenomenon that is not
related to the function of a system by is a byproduct of the processes that are doing the
actual wor

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Occam’s razor

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when two scientific theories
account for the facts equally well, the simpler
theory is preferred

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Pylyshyn

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Propositional Theory, Images are interpreted and organized, Image is more like a description than a picture.

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Kosslyn

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Spatial Representation Theory, Images are interpreted and organized, Images are often processed like perceptual information. Image theory

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demand characteristic

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an experimental artifact
where participants interpret the purpose of the experiment and unconsciously change their
behavior accordingly

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parallel representation

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representation of knowledge in which more than one item at a time can be processed

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sequential representation

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representation of knowledge in which only one item at a time can be processed

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distributed representation

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storing memories as
patterns of activation across multiple nodes

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content-addressabilit

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accessing a given
memory from any of its component parts

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The ACT Model, John Anderson, conclusion

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The time it takes to find the path that links
two concepts depends on the:
1. rate at which activation spreads from the two concepts
2. length of the path joining the two concepts
3. possible alternative paths the activation can take

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The ACT Model, Smith, Adams, & Schorr, conclusion

Back 21

This experiment shows that increasing the
number of links does not necessarily slow recognition time as long as a subnode can be used to create a knowledge
cluster.

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schema

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a general knowledge structure that provides a framework for organizing clusters of knowledge