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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are theories |
Coherent set of ideas that help us explain data and predictions |
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Goal of personality theory |
Understand, predict, control, describe |
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Why do we have them? |
Reduce info, advance knowledge |
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A Good theory is |
Clearly defined, falsifiable, parsimonious |
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Freud minds |
Conscious mind: what you're aware of at the moment Unconscious mind: instincts and information you aren't aware of but still impact thoughts and behaviours Pre-conscious: not current in your conscious but can enter conscious mind (ie. Your age) |
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Freud: ID |
PLEASURE PRINCIPLE The devil Core of personality in unconscious mind goals: reduce tension Increase pleasure Minimize discomfort |
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Impulses of ID |
Basic impulses Eros-libido-life instinct Thanatos-aggression-destructive, death instinct
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Freud: Superego |
MORALITY PRINCIPLE The angel unconscious & conscious Functions: conscious Self-observations Forming ideals
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Frued: Ego |
REALITY PRINCIPLE Conscious and unconscious Self-preservation tries to please id and superego |
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PSOD- oral stage |
Needs and gratification: Oral, sucking, biting, chewing Fixated adults: Smokers, nibblers, sarcasm, gossip, dependence and depression |
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PSOD: Anal stage |
Gratification: learning to control bladder and anus (Toilet training: attention and praise) Fixated adults: excessive orderliness, stingy, stubborn Or Messy and disorganized |
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PSOD: phallic stage |
Gratification: self stimulation(penis-envy for girls) Oedipus/Electra complex Fixated complex: Trouble with intimacy Flirty, heavy masturbation Excessive modesty
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PSOD: Latency stage |
Puberty Dormant libido Suppression of sexual urges Develop shame, disgust, morality |
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PSOD: genital stage |
Puberty onward Libido energy reawakens Sexual conduct and gratification |
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Dreams |
Manifest content: face value Latent content: symbolism, unconscious living Tensions and repressed desires vented Wish fulfilment |
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Psychoanalysis |
Releasing and redirecting misplaced libido energy
Free associations Catharsis Dream analysis Transference |
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Jung difference from freud |
Cause of repression is not always sexual Libido is not main source of energy Ego doesn't understand whole self |
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Anima & animus |
Passive fem, assertive masculine.
Mediator between conscious and unconscious
Anima: witch hag Mother Earth Animus: old man, grouch, sorcerer |
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Self |
Central most important archetype - totality of a person
Union of conscious and unconscious
Symbol- mandala. God Centre: self rest: other personality |
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Jung's dreams |
Restore psychological balance, dream Symbols can be taken at face value.
(Not repressed sexual desires) |
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Fung's personal growth |
Not linear Individuation - achieve wholeness 1) unveil persona 2) confront shadow 3)merge anima and animus 4) develop self |
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Adler |
Founder of individual psychology |
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Inferiority complex |
Organ inferiority-physical limitations Psychological inferiority-told dumb weak ugly Inferiority as children-big adults |
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Superiority complex |
Strive to be perfect Cover up inferiority by pretending to be superior
-bullies, |
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Social interests |
•behaviour takes place in a social context •3 life tasks -occupational (advances society) -societal (friendship) -love (species survival)
Lack of social interest is mental illness Mother: key in development of social interest |
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3 things in childhood that lead to faulty lifestyles |
1) physical inferiority: childhood illness, self-centred. 2)spoiling/pampering: taught to take and not give back, lack confidence 3)neglecting: worthless angry selfish cold and hard |
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Adler's dreams |
Expression of style of life Unified w/ conscious life Helps you resolve probs |
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Jung's personality theory |
2 attitudes 4 functions Models of consciousness and unconsciousness Archetypes Individuation |
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Adler's psychotherapy |
Personal growth and knowing self and social interest |
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Adler's Birth order |
Only child: pampered, low coop 1st born: entitlement, problem child 2nd born: competitive, discouraged Middle child: 2nd born Youngest child: pampered, 2nd most likely to be problem child |
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Earliest memories |
• How are you expressing yourself • Your perception of your childhood is more important than what actually happened • Childhood problems |
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Jung's 2 attitudes and 4 functions |
Introversion:inward oriented Extroversion:outward oriented
Functions are ways of experiencing world
Gathering info Sensation -info from your senses, concrete fact Intuition- following hunches
Making judgements Thinking: logically Feeling: emotion responses |
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Jung's psyche |
Ego (also an archetype) Personal unconscious Collective unconscious
Personality develops as collaboration between conscious and unconscious |
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Personal unconscious |
Forgotten memories Things we know but are not present conscious of Things once conscious of but have forgotten Things perceived by senses but not by conscious |
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Collective unconscious |
Deepest layer of unconscious Universal and not rooted in personal experience Inherited Uncovered through dreams art and expressed through archetypes |
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Archetypes |
Unlearned tendency to experience things in a certain way Represent memories of our ancestors Each major structure in personality is an archetype
Forms: universal, content: individual |
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Personality archetypes |
Ego Shadow Persona Anima & animus Self |
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Shadow |
Our darker self What we refuse to accept Creative energy Symbols: dwarf, devil snake,monster
The better we know it, the less it dominates |
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Persona |
The mask we wear Protects ego Social roles Symbols: clothing, diploma, car house
Can take over whole personality |
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Freuds major concepts |
Body is all source of mental energy Psychic determinism Conscious unconscious and preconditions Basic impulses Eros-gratifying Thanatos-destruction
Cathexis- libido energy attached of invested in person idea or thing Oedipus/Electra complex
Dreams: wish fulfilment, early memories :current issues |
