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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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process that influences the direction, persistence, and vigor of goal-directed behavior
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motivation
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what drives us to act, the motives are dictated by an internal state of tension and that internal state motivates us to act in one way or another-the behavior is usually used to reduce that tension (driven to act because of a change in an internal state)
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drive theory
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need, want, desire
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motive
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physiological disruptions that produce the drive theory (hunger, thirst, body temp)
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internal states
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contrasts the drive theory- external stimulus, a goal is driving your behavior
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incentive theory
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stimulated by that external stimulus
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motivation
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performing an activity to obtain an external reward or to avoid punishment
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extrinsic motivation
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performing an activity for its own sake
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intrinsic motivation
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hunger, thirst, excretion, sex, activity, sleep, temperature, aggression
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biological motives
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achievement, nurturance, exhibition, affiliation, autonomy, order, dominance, play
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social motives
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about our self actualization, how we strive and grow personally, how we strive for our personal growth
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humanistic view
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humanistic views
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striving for personal growth
need hierarchy |
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reach full potential mentally, emotionally, socially
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self-actualization
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maslows hierarchy of needs
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GROWTH NEEDS
self-actualization aesthetic needs cognitive needs DEFICIENCY NEEDS esteem needs belongingness and love needs safety needs physiological needs |
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aesthetic needs
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beauty, symmetry
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cognitive needs
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knowledge, understanding
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esteem needs
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approval recognition
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belongingness and love needs
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affiliation, acceptance, affection
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safety needs
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security, psychological safety
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physiological needs
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food, drink
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focus on psychological needs
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self-determination theory
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three psychological needs the self-determination theory focuses on
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competence
autonomy relatedness |
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need or want to achieve something so we can have some control in our lives
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autonomy
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two components of hypothalamus
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lateral, ventromedial
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more associated with hunger, sometimes called hunger center
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lateral hypothalamus
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more associated with satiation(feeling full)
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ventromedial nucleus
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biological factors of motivation of hunger
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hypothalamus
blood glucose insulin leptin |
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hormone that is associated with food intake, stimulates hunger
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ghrelin
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when ghrelin levels are high=?
when low? |
hungry and eat
stop |
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when high, hunger decreases (OB mice do not produce)
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leptin
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environmental factors of motivation of hunger
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presence of others
food cues observational learning, culture stressful events learned preferences |
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very cultural influenced
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social pressures (dieting)
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feeling (affect) states that involve a pattern of cognitive, physiological, and behavioral reactions to events
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emotions
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your appraisal of the situation, simply states that emotions are products of our thinking
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cognitive
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cognitive components
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cognitive appraisals
subjective feelings |
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physical components
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autonomic arousal
amygdala |
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behavioral components
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body language
facial expressions primary emotions |
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emotions are revealed through the body
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body language
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relates to primary emotions
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facial expressions
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culturally universal
ex: happiness, surprise, angry |
primary emotions
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secondary emotions
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behavioral component
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alarm=?
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fear+surprise
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embarrassment and guilt are what?
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culturally specific
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alarm, hatred
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secondary emotions
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hatred=?
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anger+disgust
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provide clues about our internal states and intentions, influence how others behave toward us
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emotions as social communications
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defining expressions we might show
ex: smile |
expressive behavior
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the actions we take
ex: fighting |
instrumental behaviors
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gives subjective meaning to you
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cognitive appraisal
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heart rate, sweating
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physiological responses
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teach people how to enhance their positive emotions
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positive psychology
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positive psychology addresses questions related to?
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happiness
life satisfaction/well-being human potential resilience coping love |
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myths
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-prime determinant of happiness is what happens to us
-money makes us happy -happiness declines in old age |
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major events
ex: losing a job |
life circumstances
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what makes people happy?
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marriage
college religion political affiliation exercise downward comparisons |
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predicting our own/ others happiness
(we overestimate the long-term impact of events on our moods) |
affective forecasting
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believe our good and bad moods will last longer than they do
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durability bias
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how we feel about ourselves
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self-esteem
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self-esteem correlated with...
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happiness
loneliness aggression narcissism |
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tendency to perceive ourselves more favorably than others do
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positive illusions
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