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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
altruism
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prosocial behaviors such as helping and sharing in which the individual does not benefit directly from his or her behavior.
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attachment
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enduring social-emotional relationship between infants and their caregivers.
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avoidant attachment
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relationship in which infants turn away from their mothers when they are reunited following a brief separation.
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basic emotions
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emotions experienced by humankind and that consist of 3 elements: a subjective feeling, a psychological change, and an overt behavior.
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complex emotions
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emotions that have a self-evaluate component.
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constricting actions
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one partner tries to emerge as the victor by threatening or contradicting the other by exaggerating.
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dispositional praise
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praise that links a child's altruistic behavior to an underlying altruistic disposition.
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empathy
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experiencing another person's feelings
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enabling actions
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actions and remarks tend to support others and sustain an interaction.
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ethology
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branch of biology concerned with adaptive behaviors that are characteristics of different species.
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gender constancy
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understanding that maleness and femaleness do not change over situations or personal wishes.
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gender identity
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sense of oneself as a male or a female.
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gender stereotype
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beliefs and images about males and females that are not necessarily true.
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insecure attachment
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infants act as if they do not perceive the mother to be dependable.
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internal working model
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the infants understanding of how responsive and dependable the mother is; thought to influence close relationships throughout the child's life.
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parallel play
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when children play alone but are interested in what another child is doing.
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resistant attachment
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relationship in which, after a brief separation, infants want to be held but are difficult to console.
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social referencing
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behavior in which infants in an unfamiliar or ambiguous environments look to their mother or father, as if searching for clues to help them interpret the situation.
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secure attachment
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relationship in which infants trust and depend on their mothers.
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simple social play
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toddlers engage in similar activities and talk and smile at each other.
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