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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Tabula Rasa
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Everyone starts with a clean slate and knowledge is acquired through experience.
(John Locke agreed with this?) |
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Nativism
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Knowledge is innate.
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Gastalt Psychology
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Certain principles of perception can't be changed by experience.
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Genotype
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What's passed on in the genetic code
(can be present, but not expressed) |
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Phenotype
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How that gene is expressed, via interactions with the environment
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Dualism
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Body is mechanical and can't think.
Mind is separate from the body |
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Who is René Descartes
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Developed the dualism theory.
Although believes sometimes the body affects the mind. (acting out of passion, pineal gland, etc.) |
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Pineal Gland
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The seat of consciousness
Also called the third eye. Regulates sleep via the serotonin derived hormone, melatonin. |
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Who was Wilhelm Wundt?
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"Father of Psychology"
Created first Psychology lab Should study immediate conscious experience. |
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What is Psychophysics?
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Study of the relationship between the physical properties of a stimulus and the psychological experience of a stimulus
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Who was Hermann von Helmholtz?
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Created unconscious inference
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Unconscious inference
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The visual systems are constantly making inferences about the external world based off previous experiences.
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Structuralism
Who invented it? |
Edward Titchener invented it.
The mind can be broken down into parts and can study its structure. |
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Who was the founder of American Psychology?
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William James
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What is Functionalism?
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Understanding how the brain works by looking at its parts. - influenced by Darwin
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What is Behaviorism?
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How people are affected during an experiment. Affects the results of what they're doing, and what they're thinking.
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Explain some componentes of behaviorism:
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Stimulus-response (S-R).
We eat because we're hungry. Stimulus: food. Response: eating. |
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John B. Watson
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Advocate of behaviorism. Believed he could train ANY baby well-formed and healthy and could bring up into profession.
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What's the Cognitive revolution?
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Breakaway from behaviorism in 1950's and 1960's.
Psychologists could infer mental processes by reactions. (reaction times, forgetting rates). |
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What's the computer metaphor?
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Behavior can be influenced by hardware (bio or genetic information) and software (strategies and processes).
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List the orer in the scientific method.
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Observe.
Detect irregularities. Create Hypothesis. Test Hypothesis. Observe data. Publish results. Reproduce. |
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What are 3 types of research?
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Descriptive.
Correlational. Experimental. |
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What's reactivity?
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Behavior changes when being observed.
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Correlation Research?
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How much can 2 things be corrleated?
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Experimental Research?
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How does 1 variable that's manipulated affect another?
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What is Global Precedence?
who invited it? |
The whole is different than the parts.
Navon (1977) |
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What affects depth perception?
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Monocular and Binocular cues.
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Binocular Depth Cues
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Retinal Disparity (Difference in location of image in eye).
Convergence (Extent to which eyes move inward). (Only good for close up sight). |
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Monocular Cues
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*Good for things that are far away
*Relative size * Overlap *Linear perspective *Shading *Haze |
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Distal stimulus
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Object in the world
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Pattern of neural activity that's involved in processing perception
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Proximal stimulus
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What's the cornea?
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A protective layer of the eye.
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What part of the eye contains receptors for light?
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The Retina
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Where is the blind spot?
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The optic nerve
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Rod
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Receptor cells that transduce light energy into a neural message.
Active in dim light |
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Cone
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Receptor cell that transduce light energy into a neural message.
Active in high light. Primarily responsible for color. |
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Who discovered Feature detectors?
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Hubel and Wiesel
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What areas of the brain contain a collection of cells that are sensitive and that fire upon seeing a face?
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Fusiform Face areas
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