Psy 170 Quiz 1

Front 1

Psychopathology

Back 1

an abnormal pattern of functioning that may be described as deviant, distressful, dysfunctional and or dangerous.

Front 2

Risk

Back 2

probability that something negative is going to occur

Front 3

Resilience

Back 3

internal capacity to cope with stress

Front 4

Moral treatment-

Back 4

a 19th century approach to treating people with mental dysfunction that emphasized moral guidance and humane and respectful treatment.

Front 5

Asylum-

Back 5

a type of institution that first became popular in the 16th century to provide care for persons with mental disorders. Most became virtual prisons.

Front 6

18th century, chaotic asylum where people of fashion came to marvel at the strange behavior of the inmates.

Back 6

bedlam

Front 7

-the view that abnormal psychological functioning has physical causes.

Back 7

somatogenic perspective

Front 8

psychogenic perspective

Back 8

the view that the chief causes of abnormal functioning are psychological.

Front 9

either the theory or the treatment of abnormal mental functioning that emphasizes unconscious psychological forces as the cause of psychopathology.

Back 9

Psychoanalysis

Front 10

a set of interview questions and observations designed to reveal the degree and nature of a client’s abnormal functioning

Back 10

. mental status exam

Front 11

Josef Breuer

Back 11

Studied the effects of hypnotism on ‘hysterical disorders.’ Discovered that his patients sometimes awoke free of their hysterical symptoms after speaking candidly about upsetting events.

Front 12

Emil Kraepelin

Back 12

german psychiatrist. founder of modern scientific psychiatry, as well as of psychopharmacology and psychiatric genetics. Argued physical factors are responsible for mental dysfunction

Front 13

Freud

Back 13

A Viennese physician who developed the theory of Psychoanalysis.Believed that unconscious Psychological processes are the root of all functioning.

Front 14

conversion disorder

Back 14

- a somatoform disorder in which a psychosocial need or conflict is converted into dramatic physical symptoms that affect voluntary motor

Front 15

Benjamin Rush

Back 15

- The person most responsible for the early spread of moral treatment in the United States. An eminent Physician at Pennsylvania Hospital who is now considered the father of American Psychiatry.

Front 16

Dorothea Dix

Back 16

Made public care a public and political concern in the United States. Saw the horrors at asylums and called for reform.

Front 17

Aaron Beck

Back 17

Proposed that cognitive processes are at the center of behavior, thoughts, and emotions and that we can best understand abnormal functioning by looking by looking to cognition. A perspective knows as the cognitive model.

Front 18

Deinstitutionalization-

Back 18

the practice, begun in the 1960s, of releasing hundreds of thousands of patients from public mental hospitals.

Front 19

positive psychology

Back 19

the study and enhancement of positive feelings, traits and abilities.

Front 20

the theoretical perspective that points to biological processes as the key to human behavior

Back 20

biological model

Front 21

ECT

Back 21

electroconvulsive therapy- a form of biological treatment used primarily on depressed patients, in which a brain seizure is triggered as an electric current passes through electrodes attached to patients forehead.

Front 22

the process of collecting and interpreting relevant information about a client or research participant

Back 22

assessment

Front 23

a physical or psychological sign of a disorder.

Back 23

symptom

Front 24

corpus callosum

Back 24

- Connects the two cerebral hemispheres.

Front 25

. Hypothalamus-

Back 25

a part of the brain that helps maintain various bodily functions, including eating and hunger

Front 26

locus coeruleus

Back 26

a small area of the brain that seems to be active in the regulations of emotions. Many of its neurons use norepinephrine.

Front 27

Synapse-

Back 27

the tiny space between the nerve ending of one neuron and the dendrite of another.

Front 28

. Neurotransmitter-

Back 28

a chemical that, released by one neuron, crosses the synaptic space to be received at receptors on the dendrites of neighboring neurons

Front 29

. Axon

Back 29

a long fiber extending from the body of a neuron.

Front 30

Dendrite

Back 30

antenna like extensions located at one end of the neuron

Front 31

. Myelin

Back 31

a sheath of fatty cells covering the axon of a neuron. It speeds up transmittion of neurotransmitters

Front 32

Receptor

Back 32

- a site on a neuron that receives a neurotransmitter

Front 33

antianxiety drugs

Back 33

-psychotropic drugs that help reduce tension and anxiety. 1) Benzodiazapines provide temporary, moderate relief. Very pleasant calming and soothing. 2) Azaspirones different receptors, same effectiveness, less problems.

Front 34

antidepressant drugs

Back 34

psychotropic drugs that improve mood of people with depression.

Front 35

mood stabilizers

Back 35

antibipolar drugs- help stabilize the moods of those with a bipolar disorder

Front 36

antipsychotic drugs-

Back 36

drugs that help correct grossly confused or distorted thinking, such as that found in psychotic disorders.

Front 37

projective tests

Back 37

a test consisting of ambiguous material that people interpret or respond to.

Front 38

personality inventories

Back 38

a test designed to measure broad personality characteristics, consisting of statements about behaviors, beliefs and feelings that people evaluate as either characteristic or uncharacteristic of them .

Front 39

response inventories

Back 39

tests designed to measure a persons responses in one specific area of functioning such as affect, social skills, or cognitive processes

Front 40

MMPI

Back 40

most widely used personality inventory. Consists over 500 self statements to be labeled true or false. The statements describe physical concerns, mood, morale, attitudes toward religion, sex and social activities

Front 41

BDI

Back 41

The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI, BDI-II), created by Dr. Aaron T. Beck, is a 21-question multiple-choice self-report inventory, one of the most widely used instruments for measuring the severity of depression[

Front 42

Neuroimaging test

Back 42

a test that directly measure brain structure or activity. Ct scans, pet scans, MRIs.

Front 43

diagnosis

Back 43

a determination that a person’s problems reflect a particular disorder

Front 44

GAF scale

Back 44

used by mental health clinicians and physicians to subjectively

Front 45

anxiety

Back 45

the central nervous system’s physiological and emotional response to a vague sense of threat or danger

Front 46

stress

Back 46

Signs of stress may be cognitive, emotional, physical or behavioral. Signs include poor judgment, a general negative outlook, excessive worrying, moodiness, irritability,

Front 47

Corticosteroid-

Back 47

a group of hormones released by the adrenal glands at times of stress.

Front 48

panic

Back 48

a sudden sensation of fear which is so strong as to dominate or prevent reason and logical thinking, replacing it with overwhelming feelings of anxiety. panic attack- a short bout of panic that occurs suddenly, reaches a peak

Front 49

parasympathetic nervous system

Back 49

the group of nerve fibers of the autonomic nervous system that help maintain normal organ functioning. They slow organ functioning after stimulation and help return other bodily processes to normal.

Front 50

Critical incident debriefing

Back 50

- training in how to help victims of disasters or other horrifying events talk about their feelings and reactions to the traumatic incidents.

Front 51

Norepinephrine

Back 51

- a neurotransmitter whose activity is linked to depression and panic disorder.

Front 52

Serotonin

Back 52

- a neurotransmitter whose abnormal activity is linked to depression, OCD, and eating disorders.

Front 53

Dopamine-

Back 53

the neurotransmitter whose high activity has been shown to be related to schizophrenia

Front 54

GABA-

Back 54

a neurotransmitter whose low activity has been linked to GAD

Front 55

Glutamate

Back 55

-a common neurotransmitter that has been linked to memory and dementia.

Front 56

Benzodiazepines-

Back 56

most common group of antianxiety drugs.

Front 57

Hypertension-

Back 57

chronic high blood pressure

Front 58

psychoneuro-immunology

Back 58

- the study of the connections among stress, the body’s immune system, and illness.

Front 59

psychopathology

Back 59

- an abnormal pattern of functioning that may be described as deviant, distressful, dysfunctional, and or dangerous.

Front 60

generalized anxiety disorder

Back 60

at least three of the following symptoms for more then 6 months:
restlessness, easy fatigue, irritability, muscle tension, sleep disturbance

Front 61

panic disorder

Back 61

at least one month of the following:
persistent concern about having additional attacks.
worry about the consequences of the attack
sig. change in behavior after attack

Front 62

OCD

Back 62

reoccurring obsessions or compulsions

Front 63

Posttramatic stress disorder

Back 63

reoccuring in two of the following ways:
recollections, dreams, illusions, stress caused by reminders of the event.

2 marked symptoms:
difficulty sleeping, irritability, poor concentration, exaggerated startle response.

Front 64

ANS

Back 64

autonomic nervous system; the network of nerve fibers that connect the central nervous system to all the other organs of the body; help regulate the involuntary activities of the organs

Front 65

HPA Pathway

Back 65

- One route by which the brain and body produce arousal and fear. At times of stress the hypothamalus signals the pituitary gland, which in turn signals the adrenal glands. Stress hormones are then released to various body organs.

Front 66

Multiaxial Diagnosis

Back 66

A system that involves an assessment on several axes, each of which refers to a different domain of information that may help the clinician plan treatment and predict outcome.

Front 67

DSM-IV

Back 67

Axis 1 (Acute diagnosis) includes adjustment disorder, depressed mood. Axis 2 includes personality disorders/mental retardation. Axis 3 includes health related issues and physiological problems. Axis 4 includes related stressors. Axis 5 looks at the global assessment of functioning.

Front 68

mental disorder

Back 68

: A clinically significant behavioral or psychological syndrome or pattern that occurs in an individual that is associated with: present distress, disability, increased risk of suffering, death, pain, disability, or an important loss of freedom.

Front 69

adjustment disorder

Back 69

the development of emotional or behavioral symptoms in response to an identifiable stressor occurring within three months of the onset of the stressors.

Front 70

thalamus

Back 70

area between cerebral cortex and midbrain. Its neural connections serve to relay sensations, spatial senses, and motor signals as well as regulating consciousness, sleep, and alertness.