Ps425 Exam 1 Study Guide (Rahill)

Front 1

Darwin

Back 1

THEORY of EVOLUTION

Front 2

Sir Francis GALTON

Back 2

examined relationship of SENSORY MOTOR RESPONSES to INTEL

Hint 2

(hint: Sensory Intel. Response)

Front 3

Wundt

Back 3

Dev. one of the FIRST PSYCH LABS

Hint 3

(hint: Win ONE for Wundt)

Front 4

James CATTELL

Back 4

emphasized TESTING MENTAL FUNCTIONS, put STATISTICS into 'MENTAL TESTS', a term he coined

Hint 4

TMF, S-MT
(or FUNCky MENTAL CAT TICkS, but that's ridiculous)

Front 5

G. S. HALL

Back 5

founder & 1st APA pres. Early EXPERIMENTAL psychologist. Worked w/ Wundt.

Hint 5

1st President's portrait hangs in the HALL

Front 6

Binet, Terman (intelligence testing)

Back 6

Binet created the first modern intelligence test (w/ Theophile Simon). Lewis TERMAN at Stanford used & built upon it, hence 'Stanford Revision of Binet & Simon', now STANFORD-BENET. TERMAN first to use MENTAL & CHRONOLOGICAL AGE as INTELLIGENCE QUOTIENT, IQ

Front 7

Eugenics movement

Back 7

RACIST movement based on POOR EVIDENCE and MISGUIDED thinking and CULTURAL BIAS, sought to PREVENT LOWER CLASSES from HAVING CHILDREN. Members believed in SELECTIVE BREEDING to IMPROVE human RACE.

Hint 7

Eugenics sounds like GENOCIDE.

Front 8

Group testing (and types)

Back 8

SAT, (Scholastic App...)
SAT (Stanford Achiev.)
GABT (Generic App. Batt)
WWI Army Alpha 1st. Army Beta.

Hint 8

hint Alpha Beta SAT SAT dang nab it! [GABT]

Front 9

Emergence of Personality Assessment

Back 9

Affective Realm; 3 types: INTEREST inventories, PERSONALITY test, and PROJECTIVE Personality tests.

Front 10

Codes

Back 10

ETHICAL CODES are Professional GUIDELINES for APPROPRIATE behavior

Front 11

Ethical Problem-solving Model (Corey, Corey & Calahan)

Back 11

EIGHT steps: ID Problem, ID Issues, Review ethic guidelines, know laws, get consult, consider courses action, list decisions consequences, ID best course

Front 12

Ethical issues

Back 12

Confidentiality, Test Use Competence, Choose Appro. Assess. Instr., Cross-Cult. Sens., Inform. Cons., Inva. Priv., Proper Diag., Release Test Data, Test Admin, Test Security, Test scoring and Assess., Stds. in Assess.,

Front 13

Relevant Laws

Back 13

Civil Rights Laws, ADA, HIPAA, FERPA, FOIA, IDEIA

Front 14

Validity

Back 14

EVIDENCE SUPPORTing use of test SCORES.

Front 15

Criterion Related Validity

Back 15

relationship b/t test scores and another standard

Front 16

Concurrent validity

Back 16

rela. b/t test scores & another CURRENTLY available benchmark

Front 17

Predictive Validity

Back 17

rela. b/t test scores and a future std. (correl. b/t GRE and grad school GPA is .34, BS).

Front 18

Construct validity

Back 18

Evidence that an idea or concept IS BEING MEASURED by a test

Hint 18

is it constructed correctly?
Isn't this the one where Rahill kept repeating 'are you measuring/testing what you're supposed to be..."

Front 19

Experimental Design Validity

Back 19

using EXPERIMENTATION to show that a test measures a concept (is valid).

Front 20

Factor Analysis (part of validity)

Back 20

Statistically examining the relationship b/t subscales and the larger construct

Front 21

CONVERGent Validity

Back 21

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN a test and similar tests

Front 22

Discriminant Validity

Back 22

showing a LACK of RELATIONSHIP between a test and other DISSIMILAR tests

Front 23

test RELIABILITY

Back 23

degree of freedom from measurement error, CONSISTENCY; eating at the same restaurant and all the meals taste great

Front 24

test-retest reli.

Back 24

Rela. b/t scores from 1 test given 2 dif't administrations

Front 25

Alternate Reliability Forms

Back 25

rela. b/t scores from 2 similar vers of the same test

Front 26

internal consistency

Back 26

reliability measured statistically by going in the test, how scores on indiv. items relate to each other.

Front 27

Coeff. Alpha a.k.a. Kuder-Rich.

Back 27

Reliability based on math. compar. if indiv. items w/ 1 another & total score

Front 28

IRT Item Response Theory

Back 28

assumes that measure error exists in every incident. Think of the IQ Ability S-graph

Front 29

Cross Cult Fairness

Back 29

degree that culture background, class, disability, gender DO NOT AFFECT test RESULTS.
IDEIA & PL 94-142
FOIA
Civil Rights Act 1964 and amends.
Carl perkins Act PL 98-524
FERPA 1974
ADA

Front 30

Practicality

Back 30

test SELECTion and ADMINistration FEASIBILITY considerations, e.g.
TIME
COST
FORMAT
READABILITY
EASE of Admin, Socring, and Interpret.

Front 31

Correlation

Back 31

Positive, Negative, Scatterplot

Front 32

Raw Scores

Back 32

r MEANINGLESS without comparison to norm scores

Front 33

Norm Group Compar.

Back 33

1. Puts Participant's score in perspective of norm group.
2. allow comparison of test takers in dif't norm groups
3. allow comparison of participant's results two or more tests

Front 34

Freq. Dist.

Back 34

list of cores & No. of times each core occurred.
SCORE column (descending)
Freq (f) column (quantity)

Front 35

Measures of Central Tendency

Back 35

MEAN-average,
MEDIAN-middle, 50%><,
MODE-MOst freq. occur.

Front 36

Normal Curve

Back 36

_/\_

Front 37

Neg Skew

Back 37

-___/\_

Hint 37

hint low part is alpha (N....P)

Front 38

Pos Skew

Back 38

_/\___+

Hint 38

hint low part is alpha (N....P)

Front 39

Measures of Variability

Back 39

Range and Standard Deviation

Front 40

Range

Back 40

High score minus Low Score plus 1

Front 41

Types of Derived scores

Back 41

percentiles, standard scores, developmental norms

Front 42

SD

Back 42

how scores vary from the mean

Front 43

percentiles

Back 43

PERCENTAGE of people AT or BELOW a score

Front 44

standard scores

Back 44

derived score based on mean and standard deviation, e.g.
Z score
T-score
Deviation IQ
stanines
sten
NCE
SAT, ACT, GRE, MAT

Front 45

developmental norms

Back 45

compares your score to average of peers (age, grade, etc.)

Front 46

Z score

Back 46

M 0
SD 1

Front 47

T score

Back 47

M 50
SD 10

Front 48

Dev. IQ

Back 48

M 100
SD 15

Front 49

Stanine

Back 49

M 5
SD 2

Front 50

Sten

Back 50

M 5.5
SD 2

Front 51

NCE

Back 51

M 50
SD 21.06

Front 52

SAT, GRE

Back 52

M 500
SD 100

Front 53

ACT

Back 53

M 21
SD 5

Front 54

Age Equivalents

Back 54

compare your score to the average of your chronological peers

Front 55

Grade Equivalents

Back 55

compare your score to the average of others in your same grade

Front 56

SEM, Std Er Meas

Back 56

SD *
SQ RT of
1 - r
expressed in SEM = +- 1.23

Front 57

Scales of Measurement

Back 57

nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio

Hint 57

RIOT, er, RION

Front 58

nominal

Back 58

No's arbitrarily assigned to categories (1 Asian, 2 Latino)

Hint 58

Ethnic heritage

Front 59

ordinal

Back 59

No's with rank order but with unequal distances b/t (1 Strongly Agree...)

Hint 59

strongly agree

Front 60

interval

Back 60

No's w/ equal diff. but no zero. E.g. GRE is minimum 200

Hint 60

GRE

Front 61

ratio

Back 61

No's with equal intervals and meaningful zero; e.g. Blood Alc level

Hint 61

BAL