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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what four elements are found in protiens?
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carbon
oxygen hydrogen nitrogen |
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protiens are built by...
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putting together polymers and monomers
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a protein monomer is reconnized by...
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a central carbon atom with four distinct groups attached
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what are the four groups in a protien monomer
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hydrogen group
COOH group R group Amino group |
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what is the COOH group?
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Carboxyl
carbon with a double bond with oxygen oxygen hydrogen |
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what is the R group
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variable group
can be one of 500combinations |
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what is the amino group
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nitrogen 2hydrogens
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what is a protien monomer called
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amino acid
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dehydration synthesis
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link together and take out water
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Peptide bond
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the bond between the carbon andnitrogen
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by joining 2 amino acids you create
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dipeptide
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by joining 3 or more amino acids you create
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polypeptide
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how many amino acids are there
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about 500
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how many amino acids do living systems use
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about 20
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how does a polypeptide become a functional protien
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protein folding:
secondary structure tertiary structure quaterandry structure |
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primary structure
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polypeptide of a protien
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secondary structure
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polypeptide folded into a spiral or accordian structure(LINEAR)
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tertialry structure
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wraps around eachother:
much more 3D |
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quaternary structure
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finding a friend(s)
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alpha helix
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secondary structure;
where it is folded like a spiral or a spring |
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beta sheet
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secondary structure;
where it is folded like an accordian |
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uses of protiens
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make up the structure of your body:
muscle blood skin,hair,nails nerve tissue connective tissue also... enzymes hormons |
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saturated vs. unsaturated
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saturated=full
unsaturated=not totally full |
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a lipid with 2 fatty acids
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diglyceride
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a lipid with 3 fatty acids
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triglyceride
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characterisics oif an unsaturated fat
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bends
carbon double bond less hydrogen (hydrogen has been removed) takes up more space (liquid @ room temp.) |
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characteristics of a saturated fat
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no bend
no carbon double bond max amount of hydrogen solid @room temp. |
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lipids are...
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fats, oils, waxes
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are lipids hydrophobic or hydrophillic
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hydrophobic
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do lipids disolve in water
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no
also they are less dense than water |
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uses of lipids
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body structure
cell membranes nerve cell insulation whole body insualtion(reduce heat loss) long term energy storage in animals |
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are lipids polymers
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no!
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glycerol
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chemically an achohal
2-diglycride 3-triglyceride |
