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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is project management |
To apply knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities to meet project requirements |
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What is a program |
A group of related projects, subprograms, and program activities managed in a way to obtain benefits not available from managing them individually |
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What is a portfolio |
An organizational structure that standardizes sharing of resources, methodologies, tools, and techniques |
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What is a constraint |
A limiting factor that affects the execution of a project, program, portfolio, or process |
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What is a stakeholder |
An individual, group, or organization that may affect, be affected by, or perceive itself to be affected by a project |
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What is a project management system |
The aggregation of the processes tools, techniques, methodologies, resources, and procedures to manage a project |
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What are the stages of a product life cycle |
Concept, delivery, growth, maturity, retirement |
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What is the benefit of portfolio management |
Better alignment of projects and programs with organizational objectives, with the goal being to maximize the value of the entire portfolio |
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What are the common characteristics of project life cycles |
Phases are sequential in nature; embrace transfer of technical info from phase to another; cost and staffing levels are usually low at the beginning, peak in the middle phase and then drop off rapidly toward the end |
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When does the life cycle of a product or service begin |
At conception and ends with its closure. |
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What are examples of project stakeholders |
Customer or end-user, sponsor, project management office (PMO), project manager, project team, functional managers, operations management, senior management, influences, performing orginization |
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What are 8 types of organizational structures |
Organic or simple, Functional(Centralized), Multi-divisional, Matrix-strong, weak, balanced, Project-Oriented(composite,hybrid), Virtual, Hybrid, PMO |
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What is another name for functional orginization |
Traditional Centralized |
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How is a functional organization organized |
Staff is grouped by areas of specialization and the project manager has limited authority to assign work and apply resources |
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What are the organizational characteristices of a functional structure |
Project manager authority: little or none Resource availability: little or none Budget controlled by Functional manager Role of the project manager: part-time Project management administrative staff: part-time |
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In a project-oriented organizational structure, who does the project team report to |
The Project Manager |
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What are the organizational characteristics of a project-oriented structure |
Project manager authority: High to almost totalResource availability: Hight to almost totalBudget controlled by: Project managerRole of the project manager: full-timeProject management administrative staff: full-time |
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What are three distinct forms of matrix structures identified by the PMI |
Matrix-weak, Matrix-balanced, and Matrix-strong |
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What are the overall characteristics of matrix structures |
Overall focus: Operations and projects Authority: Two Bosses: functional and project manager Manager focus: project manager: control of projects Employee focus: split between projects and operations |
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What are the characteristics of a weak matrix |
Low project manager authority; low resource availability; budget controlled by the functional manager; part-time project management adminstrative system |
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Why is the composite organizational structure considered somewhat of a hybrid |
One project may be organized in a functional manner; another project could be organized using a major projectized. Also, the composite structure could have separate silo solely for project management. |
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What is a chief advantage of a composite structure |
Flexibility for management to adapt the approach to managing projects in the organization according ro thw characteristics of the project |
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What is Process |
A systematic series of activities directed towards causing an end result such that one or more inputs will be acted upon to create one or more outputs |
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What are inputs |
Any items, whether internal or external to the project, that is required by a process before that process proceeds. Maybe outputs from the predecessor process |
