Prevention

Front 1

What are the levels of prevention?

Back 1

Front 2

What do you know about " Stages of change" model ?

Back 2

It was originally developed to help pts quit smoking.

It assesses an individual's readiness to change a problem behavior.

It has five stages:

1.Precontemplation: not thinking about behavior modification.

2.Contemplation: thinking about behavior modification.

3. Preparation: planning behavior modification.

4. Action: putting plan into action.

5. Maintenance: maintaining new behaviour.

Front 3

What is correlation coefficient

Back 3

Correlation coefficient = r

It shows degree of correlation bw one variable with other.

Can be +ve inc exercise, inc metabolism

Can be -ve inc age dec bone mass

It lies bw -1 & +1

If r = +1 perfect +ve r

If r = -1 perfect. -ve r

If r = >0.5 strong +ve r

If r =<0.5 strong -ve r

If r = 0 to 0.5 or 0 to -0.5 :

weak +ve or -ve correlation

Front 4

Tyes of correlation coefficient CC/r

Back 4

2 types:

1. Pearson product correlation PPC:

Used in interval or ratio data

2. Spearman rank order correlation (p):

Used in ordinal data

PPC is used in linear relationship, if they are not linear PPC is inaccurate.

The larger the sample size, closer the CC/r is likely to be to the true population. If p value for CC/r is low, then reject null hypothesis and consider cc/r obtained for that sample is statistically significant.

Front 5

Does correlation coefficient cc/r mean causation?

Back 5

No

Front 6

What is coefficient of determination?

Back 6

Its r^2/R^2.

It tells you what fraction of variation of one variable is explained by its relationship to other variable as opposed to natural variation within each variation.

If CC/r bw insulin levels and glucose is 0.74 then r^2 is

0.74 * 0.74 = 0.55.

55% of variability in glucose is linked with changes in insulin levels whr as 45% of variability is due to other factors such as measurement error or natural variability in glucose concentration.