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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Arabian Peninsula |
Crossroad of 3 continents Africa, Asia, and Europe Had many trade routes |
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Bedouin tribes |
Pastoral nomadic clans, based on kinship/ loyalty |
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Oases and caravans |
Used in harsh hospitable environment |
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Muhammad |
Prophet and founder of Islam Born 570 CE He was a trader who married a wealthy businesswoman, Khadijah |
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Mecca |
Worship at the ka'aba |
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Qur'an |
Holy book/ text |
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Medina (Yathrib) |
The place they go after the Hijrah |
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Hijrah |
Persecuted in Mecca Goes from Mecca to medina Muhammad attracts followers |
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Ka'aba |
Black stone |
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Black stone |
An ancient shrine |
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Islam |
Monotheistic 5 pillars of faith Sacred text: Qur'an |
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Muslims |
One who has submitted to the will of Allah Must carry 5 pillars of faith Follow sunna- Muhammad's example of proper living |
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5 pillars of faith |
Muslims must carry these 5 duties: Pronouncement- faith to allah, Muhammad is prophet Prayer- five times a day, facing Mecca Alms- charity Fasting- during Ramadan Hajj- holy pilgrimage to Mecca, once in a lifetime |
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Night journey |
Muhammad travelled from Jerusalem in one night and ascended into heaven and rec'd the 5 pillars of faith |
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Hadith |
Scholarly works that explains and adds upon the qur'an |
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1st- 4th rightly guided caliphs |
Abu Bakr- 1st caliph, elected by, his loyal friend, Muhammad Umar- 2nd caliph Uthman- 3rd caliph Ali- 4th caliph |
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Caliph |
A new leader |
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Caliphate |
Group of people who believe in a specific leader, caliph |
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Umayyad caliphate |
Wealthy family Supported by Sunni Defeated by the Abbasid Prince, Abd Al-Rahman escapes and starts new Umayyad caliphate in southern Spain |
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Abbasid Caliphate |
Rebel group Murdered Umayyad family Consolidate power- develops a strong bureaucracy to manage empire |
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Damascus |
Umayyad caliphate moved there Umayyad's capital |
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Baghdad |
Abbasid moved there Abbasid's capital Provides access to trade goods, gold, and information Population of one million |
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Sunni |
Followers of Muhammad's example |
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Shi'a |
"Party" of Ali- believes caliph should be Muhammad's descendants |
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Dome of rock |
Muslim shrine on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem |
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House of wisdom |
Baghdad institute; library, academy, translation center |
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The thousand and one nights |
Popular literature |
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Astrolabe |
Stars to navigate through deserts |
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Calligraphy |
Art of beautiful handwritings |
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Al-Rhazi |
Greatest physician from 500-1500 CE Writes an encyclopedia of medical knowledge |
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Al-Khwarizimi |
Develops algebra and writes textbook |
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Ibn Al-Haytham |
Mathematician Changes idea about vision |
