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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Describe vertebral column |
Cervical; 7 vertebrae, secondary curve, lordotic Thoracic; 12 vertebrae, primary, kyphosis Lumbar; 5 vertebrae, secondary, lordotic Coccyx; 5 fused vertebrae, primary, kyphotic |
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What is “sway back” |
An exaggerated curve in the lumbar spine. Shoulders are posterior to hips, hips anterior to head |
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What is “flat back”? |
A decrease in lumbar curvature. Appearing flat from thoracic to coccyx |
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Hips during “good posture” |
Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) & posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS) are level Both ASIS in the same plane Both PSIS in the same plane |
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Muscles active during lateral pelvic tilt (during walking) |
1. Hip ABductors 2. Glute medius 3. Glute minimus 4. Quadratus lumborum 5. Erector spinae 6. Trunk lateral flexors |
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What are the anti-gravity muscles |
1. Neck flexors 2. Neck extensors 3. Trunk flexors 4. Trunk lateral benders 5. Hip extensors 6. Knee extensors 7. Ankle pronators and supinators |
Antig |
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Why are ankle pronators & supinators considered anti-gravity muscles |
Anterior-posterior sway. When leaning too far forward, ankle planter flexors contract. When lean too far backward, ankle dorsiflexors contract |
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Why would a person with a facet joint problem find flexion more comfortable |
When the trunk flexes, the stresses placed on the posterior part of the vertebra (facet joints) decreases |
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Why would an individual with disc problems find extension more comfortable? |
Stressors are taken off of the vertebral disc and shifted posteriorly |
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What is hemivertebrae? |
A condition where half of the vertebrae in the spine does not form. Can cause scoliosis |
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What is a compression fracture? |
One or more bones in the spine weaken or crumble. Can be caused by osteoporosis |
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Describe the relationship of posture to adaptive shortening and lengthening. |
Maintaining bad posture in which a curve is increased, muscles on the concave side will tend to tighten (adaptive shortening) and the muscles on the convex side will tend to weaken (adaptive lengthening) |
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