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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Mindfulness |
Health and well-being |
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What leads to age related decline? |
Accepting negative stereotypes |
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How can you age better? |
By mindfully not accepting negative stereotypes. |
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What does being mindful require? |
1. Overcoming the desire to reduce uncertainty in daily life 2. Overriding engagement in automatic behaviors 3. Decreasing evaluations of self, others, and situations. |
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What is the definition of mindfulness that practitioners use? |
Attending nonjudgementally to all stimuli in the internal and external environments. |
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Nonjudging |
Impartial witnessing, observing the present moment by moment without evaluation and categorization. |
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Nonstriving |
Non-goal-oriented, remaining unattached to outcome or achievement, not forcing things. |
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Acceptance |
Open to seeing and acknowledging things as they are in the present moment; acceptance does not mean passivity or resignation, rather a clearer understanding of the present so one can effectively respond. |
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Patience |
Allowing things to unfold in their time, bringing patience to ourselves, to others, and to the present moment. |
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Trust |
Trusting oneself, one's body, intuition, emotions, as well as trusting that life is unfolding as it is supposed to. |
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Openness |
Seeing things as if for the first time, creating possibility by paying attention to all feedback in the present moment. |
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Letting go |
Nonattachment, not holding on to thoughts, feelings, or experiences without suppressing them. |
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Gentleness |
Characterized by soft, considerate, and tender quality; however, not passive, undisciplined, or indulgent. |
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Generosity |
Giving in the present moment within a context of love and compassion, without attachment to gain or thought of return. |
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Empathy |
The quality of feeling and understanding another person's situation in the present moment-- their perspectives, emotions, actions (reactions)-- and communicating this to the person. |
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Gratitude |
The quality of reverence, appreciating and being thankful for the present moment. |
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Loving-kindness |
A quality embodying benevolence, compassion, and cherishing; a quality filled with forgiveness and unconditional love. |
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What is the aim of mindfulness meditation? |
Development of deep insight into the nature of mental processes, Consciousness, identity, and reality, and the development of optimal states of psychological well-being and consciousness. --Walsh 1983 |
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How can we increase awareness? |
1. Being mindful of emotions 2. Being mindful of eating 3. Mindful stretching exercises 4. Mindful breathing and sitting |
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What did Jon Kabat-Zinn create? |
A form of mindfulness meditation for use with chronic pain and anxiety. |
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What are the neurological benefits of improving mindfulness? |
1. Better spatial abilities 2. Increased ability for awareness 3. Potential increased neuroplasticity in the brain. |
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What strategy is more likely for new users? Longer-term users? |
Top-down processing more likely for new users. Bottom-up strategy more likely for longer-term users. |
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What did Martin Seligman say about optimists? |
Optimists make external, variable, and specific attributions for failure. |
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What did Martin Seligman say about pessimists? |
Pessimists make internal, stable, and Global attributions for failure. |
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What is learned optimism associated with? |
Better academic performances, Superior athletic performances, work productivity, relationships satisfaction, effective coping, less vulnerabilitability to depression, and Superior physical health |
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According to Scheier and Carver, optimists have the stable tendency to... |
Believe that good rather than bad things will happen |
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According to Scheier and Carver, optimist's... |
Valued goals produce an expectancy about attainment |
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According to Scheier and Carver, optimists do not... |
Emphasize personal efficacy |
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What is the difference between optimists and pessimists in goal pursuit? |
Optimists know when to give up versus when to keep on plugging Pessimists still pursue a goal when it's not the smart thing to do |
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What did Snyder find about hope? |
Hope emphasizes cognitions built on goal-directed thought Heightens pathways thinking and agency thinking |
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Describe goals in hope theory. |
Goals must be important to the person Goals can vary temporally Goals may be approach oriented Goals may be preventative Goals may have varying degrees of difficulty of attainment |
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What does hope predict? |
Academic performance Sport performance Physical health Adjustment Psychotherapy outcomes |
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What is forgiveness according to Thompson and colleagues? |
A freeing from a negative attachment to the source that has transgressed against a person |
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What is the target of forgiveness according to Thompson and colleagues? |
Self, another, or a situation |
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What does forgiveness do according to McCullough and colleagues? |
Forgiveness increases prosocial motivation toward another resulting in 1. less desire to avoid transgressor or seek revenge 2. increased desire to act positively toward transgressor. |
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What is forgiveness according to Enright and colleagues? |
A willingness to abandon one's right to resentment, negative judgment, and indifferent Behavior toward one who unjustly hurt us, while fostering the undeserved qualities of compassion, generosity, and even love toward him or her. Requires a benevolent stance |
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What kind of process is forgiveness? |
Interpersonal and intrapersonal |
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Why is forgiveness more common in eastern cultures? |
Value of social harmony. Situational factors in cultural norms |
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When is forgiveness more likely? |
When the transgressor accepts responsibility When the transgressor apologizes When the transgressor attempts to make things right |
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What is the REACH model according to Worthington? |
R- recall the hurt E- empathize A- altruistically give the gift of forgiveness C- commit verbally to forgive H- hold onto the forgiveness |
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What is self forgiveness? |
Taking responsibility for bad acts or actions then letting go and moving forward |
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What are key moderators of the PPI? |
1. Activity features 2. Cost of activity 3. Time-focus |
