Political Science 101

Front 1

What is jay mall ins definition of terrorism?

Back 1

terrorism is the threat of violence or an act or series of acts affected by surreptitious means by an individual or organization or people for his or their goals

Front 2

What are the three causes of terrorism?

Back 2

Historical injustices, motivated by sectarian religious beliefs, and narco terrorism

Front 3

What is state sponsored terrorism?

Back 3

terrorism sponsored by state actors and become instruments for foreign policy

Front 4

what is eco terrorism?

Back 4

extremist environmental group terrorism. Example is earth liberation

Front 5

what is centripetal terrorism?

Back 5

central or local terrorist claims, and an example is ISIS

Front 6

What is centrifugal terrorism?

Back 6

terrorism around the world and an example is Al-Queada

Front 7

What is idiosyncratic terrorism?

Back 7

individual terrorism

Front 8

what is war terrorism>

Back 8

takes place within the context of war. an example is indiscriminate attacks

Front 9

what are the three solutions to war

Back 9

1. Hold conventions

2. Address the cause roots (such as ISIS wants to create a truly islamic state so they invade Iran)

3. Cut off terrorist finances and resources

Front 10

what are the two distinct views that terrorists are seen as?

Back 10

freedom fighters vs. terrorism`

Front 11

what is first past the post and another name for it?

Back 11

Single member plurality and its direct voting for each separate riding

Front 12

where is single member plurality used and how does a candidate win?

Back 12

used in H.o.C/ H.o.U and candidate with the most votes wins

Front 13

what are advantages of single member plurality? (5)

Back 13

cost effective, simple, tough on fringe parties, direct link between voter and MP, single member constituents

Front 14

disadvantages of single member plurality?

Back 14

encourages voter apathy, no correlations between votes received and seats in parliament, and bad for smaller parties

Front 15

What is another name for majoriatarian systems and what is it?

Back 15

Second ballot and two majority votes go head to head in a second ballet vote for single member plurality system

Front 16

What are the advantages of a majoritarian system? (3)

Back 16

allows for parties to gain support of other parties, relatively stable government, does not allow for fringe parties

Front 17

What are disadvantages of majoritarian systems? (2) and who uses this systems

Back 17

costly b/c of two ballots and compromises policies during second ballot. the french.

Front 18

What is another name for second majoritarians system? and who uses it?

Back 18

Alternating voting system and Australia who uses a ballot called preferential ballot.

Front 19

What is proportional representation?

Back 19

close approximation of votes and seats

Front 20

What is a hybrid voting system and another name for it?

Back 20

Combination of First past the post and proportional representation. Votes for candidates and parities separately.

Front 21

what is a single transferable vote system?

Back 21

It is a form of proportional representation and use of a preferential ballot. Used by Ireland

Front 22

what is diplomacy?

Back 22

diplomacy is a mechanism for achieving foreign diplomatic policy goals

Front 23

What is an embassy, and what is a consolite?

Back 23

an embassy is a diplomatic compound and a consolite is the extension of the embassy in other areas of the country

Front 24

What is a high commission?

Back 24

It is an embassy in commonwealth countries; formerly british owned countries

Front 25

What are three diplomatic concepts?

Back 25

agreement- diplomatic appointee must meet approval of the appointed state

diplomatic immunity- free from civil jurisdiction

persona grata- diplomatic immunity

Front 26

what are the four functions of diplomacy?

Back 26

consular service (passports, visas, etc.)

diplomats observe actions of other country

diplomats engage in trade negotiations, agreements, and security agreements

symbolic representative of sovereignty

Front 27

What are the 5 forms of diplomacy?

Back 27

Bilateral diplomacy (two countries)

multilateral (NAFTA)

Summit (head of states meet)

conference (in form of conference, Kyoto Protocol)

secret/open (public diplomacy)

Front 28

what are 4 problems with diplomacy?

Back 28

1. undermined by terrorism

2. undermined by patronage appointment (political appointees undermine the hard workers who are qualified for the job)

3. abuse of diplomatic privileges

4. NSA, electronic espionage overbearing (electronic age)

Front 29

what is unitary government?

Back 29

concentration of power of government at one level

Front 30

what is federalism>

Back 30

power shared between central gov and the constiuents

Front 31

what is devolution?

Back 31

central government gives away or takes away power

Front 32

what year was canada's constitutional act?

Back 32

1867

Front 33

what is para diplomacy?

Back 33

constituent units taking on the role of foreign affairs

Front 34

what is concurrent jurisdiction?

Back 34

federal and provincial jurisdiction overlap

Front 35

what is the residual power claus?

Back 35

the consituent gives peace, order and good government to the federal government

Front 36

what is disallowance?

Back 36

power to declare a provincial law null and void

Front 37

what is declratory power?

Back 37

make any law that gives advatange to two or more provinces

Front 38

what is confederation? who is the closest to a confederation and who was an confederation?

Back 38

co-equal states); real power is exercised by states. EU and pre USA

Front 39

what is a constitution?

Back 39

framework of the fundamental laws for the political system (skeleton of the land is the constitution)

Front 40

what does the constitution have? (4)

Back 40

1. constitutions of government

2.reference of basic human rights and freedoms

3. tells the powers exercised by the institution

4.have amending formula (formula for change)

Front 41

what is the meech lake accord? and when did it happen?

Back 41

recognized Quebec as a distinct society (1987)

Front 42

Why did the meech lake accord fail?

Back 42

(NB, MB, NF) did not agree with it

the 1990 deadline passed and it was not signed

Front 43

what is the charlottetown accord?

Back 43

revamp of the meech lake accord in 1992; did not pass canadians did not want it

Front 44

what is the 1995 quebec referendum?

Back 44

almost passed. 50. something percent voted to keep quebec

Front 45

what is political culture?

Back 45

pattern of attitudes, beliefs, orientations and values in a society towards political issues

Front 46

what is the civic culture?

Back 46

attititudes toward politics, government, and the state

Front 47

define parochial, subject, and participatory civic cultures.

Back 47

parochial- disconnection, gov taxes, keeps order

subject- gov does not make diff. but citizens do

participactory- gov makes diff. citizens play active role

Front 48

what is the fragment theory?

Back 48

immigrant nations are expressions of the political culture of the immigrant country sat the time of departure

organic collective society

hierarchy and deference

Front 49

what is crystallization?

Back 49

society's political culture stabilizes around norms and values of dominant fragments

Front 50

what is the tory fragment?

Back 50

complex, organic society, altering arrangements

valuation of order and loyalty

roles of elites and wealthy

nobles oblige to poor

Front 51

canada's constitution was founded in? and canada's constitution act was founded in?

Back 51

1867 and 1892

Front 52

what are the five functions of elections

Back 52

1.enables orderly succession of power

2.gives gov. mandate to rule

3. put their program into effect

4. enable personal to be put into office

5. serves as agents of political socialization

6. enables politicians to gage political support and determine legitimacy

Front 53

what must happen in order for free elections to occur? (6)

Back 53

1. universal adult suffrage (1 person, 1 vote)

2. should be simealtanoues

3.require indépendant commission to run election

4. free press

5. independent judiciary system

6. educated and informed public

Front 54

What are short term voting behaviours? (what is another name? )

Back 54

campaign period. attack ads, main issues, leaders of political party, opinion polls

Front 55

what are long term voting behaviours?

Back 55

gender, class, language influences. province, residence

Front 56

who won the 1933 federal election?

Back 56

Jean cretian wins for liberal party

Front 57

where do political parties emerge from?

Back 57

within parliament (intra-parliament)

Front 58

ideological purpose of a party?

Back 58

win and convert your ideology

Front 59

intermdeiary role of a political party?

Back 59

link between voters and gov

Front 60

what is another name for one state party and was is it?

Back 60

De jure and a state only has one party; no competition allowed

Front 61

what is a movement party?

Back 61

formed around a movement for social transformation

Front 62

what is a catch all party?

Back 62

party that changes positions to maximize support

Front 63

what are four problems facing modern parties>

Back 63

1. declining membership

2.becoming elitist

3.public skepticism

4. out of touch with ideological foundation of ordinary voter

Front 64

What are 4 purposes of interest parties?

Back 64

1. exsist to influence gov decisions

2.promote shared private interest

3. litigation (taking gov to court)

4. boycott

5.lobbying

Front 65

what are the 4 classifications of interest groups?

Back 65

occupational, attitudinal (values), anomic (spontaneously), institutional (part of gov)

Front 66

4 things that make interest groups successful?

Back 66

1.leadership

2.cohesive

3.strategic location

4.financial

Front 67

4 critiques of interest groups

Back 67

criticized for self serving interest

accountable to public voters

use propoganda

financial power to influence elections

Front 68

states power formula

Back 68

p = (c+e+m) + ( s+w)

Front 69

2 features of a modern state

Back 69

clear defined borders, sovereignty

Front 70

2 criticisms of charismatic authority?

Back 70

step out of bounds and authority eliminated based off of personality

Front 71

what are two results of the cold war?

Back 71

capitalism and democracy thrived

Front 72

what is democracy>

Back 72

an insitutional method for arriving at political decisions in which the people are part of by means of competitive struggle for the peoples votes

Front 73

what are the key characteristics of a modern democracy?

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1. popular soverignty

2. majoritiarianism

3. governed by political equaltiy

4. political accountability

5. built of participation

6. liberalization

Front 74

what is paradox freedom?

Back 74

government cracking down on minority

Front 75

what is an accountability method for the government?

Back 75

recall- method of overturning political decisions based on level of satisfaction with political decision

Front 76

what is direct democracy?

Back 76

everyone has direct influence on political outcome--> also called participating democracy

Front 77

what is representative democracy?

Back 77

the representation of a group by an electoral such as an MP

Front 78

what is trusteeship representation?

Back 78

representative owes you his industry and his judgement to make decisions

Front 79

define agency representation

Back 79

delegation for the people and action accordingly to the peoples will

Front 80

define party discipline.

Back 80

following the political platform of a political party

Front 81

what is descriptive representation?

Back 81

the representative reflects and describes the constituency

Front 82

what is the difference between upper house of legislation branches in us and canada?

Back 82

canadian parliament has 105 seats/ US 100

canadian serve up to age 75/ US up to 6 years

Front 83

2 examples of direct democracy?

Back 83

referendum and initiative

Front 84

indiciate 3 features of liberal demcoracy

Back 84

civil liberties, universal adult suffrage, and free/fair elections

Front 85

2 differences between Canada and US formal executives?

Back 85

form exec of Can. is Gov. Gen./ US is president

head of state and head of gov. diff. in canada/ us is same

Front 86

what are the 2 forms of democracy?

Back 86

consociational (consensus)- replaces majority rule with special protection for minorities (quebec)

cosmopotlitan- based on shared similar values

Front 87

aristotles whole thing on democracy

Back 87

if one rules over all is a monarchy or could turn into tyranny

if few rule over all is a aristocracy or could turn into an oligarchy

if many rule over all is a polity or could turn into democracy

Front 88

criticisms of democracy?

Back 88

1. voter apathy

2. elitism

3. problem with demagogues (appeal to emotions of society to sway votes)

Front 89

extreme left side is?

Back 89

communism-marxist-leninism

Front 90

left is

Back 90

social democrats free trade etc.

Front 91

middle left is

Back 91

liberalism classical then reform

Front 92

Middle right is

Back 92

conservatives

Front 93

extreme right is

Back 93

fascism

Front 94

7 key principles of fascism

Back 94

1. associated with hitler or stalin

2.social darwinist - survival of the fittest

3. irrational ideology

4. ani communism

5. subject to emotions

6. anti liberal

7. principle of natural hierarchy

Front 95

what are the power of politics?

Back 95

zero sum - 1 winner/ 1 loser

positive sum - consensus

liberal democracy = social democracy

Front 96

what are the 2 primary powers of politics?

Back 96

positive- power to do something

negative - power over something (domination)

Front 97

Political formula is

Back 97

P= (C+E+M)+(S+W)

c- critical mass

e-economy

m-military <-- all tangible

s-strategy

w-will to use power <-- intangible

Front 98

modern state has a right to what 3 things?

Back 98

sovereignty, populaton, and territory

Front 99

define internal and external sovereignty

Back 99

internal- gov has control of country

external- recognized as a state by outside world

Front 100

define Jus Soli and Jus Sanguineous

Back 100

Jus Soli- law of the land

Jus Sanguineous- law of blood

Front 101

what is a nation

Back 101

sociological concept, people who share ethnic values of civic values

Front 102

what are three types of authority

Back 102

charismatic

legal (office or cabinet, not individual)

traditional

Front 103

legitimacy of political authority (2)

Back 103

consent of the people

rightfulness comes from consent of people to exercise power

Front 104

when was the universal declaration of human rights adopted by the un and what did it focus on?

Back 104

1948 establishes social security such as

1.everyone has right to equal pay

2.reasonable work hours

3. adequate standard of living

4. education

5. cultural life of the community

6. overall, every individual has freedom of thought, conscience, religion, and right to change them

Front 105

when can the UN intervene in another countries sovereignty>

Back 105

for humanitarian reasons/ concerns

Front 106

what are the principle organs of the UN (4)

Back 106

secretariat

international court of justice

security council

general assembly

Front 107

why did the UN come about

Back 107

because many believed that the League of Nations was a fail b/c the second world war did in fact happen

Front 108

2 international agreements on environment

Back 108

geneva protocol and kyoto protocol

Front 109

define the following acronyms

ECOSOC

WHO

FAO

UNESCO

HRC

UDHR

ICCPR

ICESCR

ICJ

UNFPA

Back 109

the economic and social council

world health organization

Food and agricultural organization

united nations educational, scientific, and cultural organization

Human rights commission

universal declaration of human rights

international covenant on civil and political rights

international covenant on economic, social, and cultural rights

international court of justice

united nations population fund

Front 110

2 economic things neo conservatives are opposed to

Back 110

increased taxes, government expenditure, social programs

Front 111

pros and cons of opinion polls

Back 111

Pros: gives depiction of where the election is going, gage what voters find most important,

Cons: can be inaccurate, does not reach wide demographic, calls the election early, increases voter apathy

Front 112

who is the leader of the

conservative party

liberal party

green party

ndp party

bloc quebcois party

liberaterian party

progressive canadian party

Back 112

steven harper

justin trudeau

elizabeth may

thomas mulclair

mario beaulieu

tim moen

sinclair stevens

Front 113

who are the leaders of provincial parties

alberta

british columbia

saskatchewan

manitoba

ontario

quebec

newfoundland

new brunswick

nova scotia

Back 113

jim prentice - pc

christy clarke- liberal

brad wall- saskatchewan party